ANC13LA081

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 180J · Palmer, AK · August 21, 2013

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
August 21, 2013, 13:56 local (21:56 UTC)
Place
Palmer, AK
Injuries
1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N7807KCessna 180J
Defining event
Takeoff: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 23, 2014
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Alaska Regional Office
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20130821017939A
Case key
87838

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate airspeed during initial climb after takeoff, which resulted in a subsequent aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s decision to take off with a slight tailwind.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: airspeedAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 180J: 2 casesAll aircraft: 1,681 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: use of equip/systemPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 180J: 3 casesAll aircraft: 1,391 casesProbable cause
Wind: tailwindEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Decision related to conditionCessna 180J: 4 casesAll aircraft: 594 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

During takeoff from a lake in a westerly direction, the airplane climbed to about 100 feet above ground level (agl) when the pilot retracted the flaps. Subsequently, the airplane rolled to the right and descended into trees and terrain. The pilot stated that he thought that he stalled the airplane on takeoff but that he did not recall hearing a stall warning horn. He added that he may have retracted the flap handle from the third notch to the first notch setting. Examination of the airplane revealed that flap handle was in the second notch, or 20-degree setting. The stall warning horn was removed and functioned normally; however, the investigation was unable to determine if the stall warning system was intact and calibrated due to impact damage to the wing and airframe. A review of weather data from a reporting facility about 4 miles east of the accident site revealed that about 3 minutes before the accident the wind was from 080 degrees at 8 knots, indicating that a slight tailwind would have existed at takeoff.

Factual narrative

On August 21, 2013, about 1356 Alaska daylight time, a Cessna 180, N7807K, sustained substantial damage when it impacted trees after takeoff from Walby Lake Seaplane Base (AA85), Palmer, Alaska. The airplane was registered to a private individual and operated by the pilot under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. The commercial pilot, sole occupant of the airplane, sustained minor injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed for the local personal flight which was originating at the time of the accident. The intended destination was Finger Lake Seaplane Base (99Z), near Palmer. During a telephone conversation with the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigator-in-charge (IIC), the pilot reported that during takeoff to the west, the airplane felt sluggish after it became airborne. The pilot stated that as the airplane climbed to about 100 feet above ground level, he decreased the flap setting by one notch, and the airplane started to descend rapidly. Subsequently, the airplane impacted trees about 600 feet west of the lake. The pilot added that he felt he may have retracted the flaps from the third notch to the first notch, and stalled the airplane. He did not recall hearing the stall warning horn. Examination of the airplane by a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector revealed that both the left and right wings and fuselage were structurally damaged. The airplane was recovered to a secure location for further examination. Examination of the airplane by an NTSB investigator revealed that flap handle was in the second notch, or 20-degree setting. The stall warning horn was disassembled and produced a sound when suction air pressure was applied to the bell. The reed was intact, however, it was unable to be determined if the stall warning system was intact and calibrated due to the amount of impact damage to the wing and airframe. Review of recorded weather data from the Palmer (PAAQ) weather recording station located about 4 miles east of the accident site revealed that at 1353; wind was from 080 degrees at 8 knots.

Aircraft

Registration
N7807K
Reported as
Cessna 180J
Category
Airplane
Serial number
18052741
Airframe hours
4,565
Engine
Cont Motor O-470 SERIES, 230 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Kenneth W Castner III
Registered owner
Milligan E Dean
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 1, 2013 · 2 hours before
Departed
AA85 · Palmer, AK
Destination
AA85 · Palmer, AK
Airport
AA85 · Walby Lake Seaplane Base, runway 24, 2,500 × 200 ft, water
Equipment
Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
61
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Single-engine sea
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Seat
Left

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
80° at 8 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
6,000 ft overcast
Temperature
55 °F, dew point 46 °F
Altimeter
29.81 inHg
Observed at
PAAQ, 4 nm away

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 13, 2014, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.5 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.