ANC94LA021

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-32 · Napakiak, AK · December 3, 1993

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
December 3, 1993, 16:27 local (20:27 UTC)
Place
Napakiak, AK
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N38393Piper PA-32
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report August 17, 1994
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Alaska Regional Office
FAA report
19931203047529A
Case key
2475

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The NTSB’s determination of the probable cause, and any contributing factors.

The pilot-in-command's failure to maintain proper approach airspeed.

Analysis

The pilot reported that while performing a 20 degree left banking turn from base leg to the final approach heading with full flaps the stall warning horn came on. While in the turn, the pilot recalled observing an indicated airspeed of between 50 and 55 knots and the plane's altitude was from 50 to 100 feet above the ground. The pilot said that he applied full power and maintained a nose down attitude in an attempt to regain airspeed. The airplane collided with the snow covered tundra approximately 300 feet short of the runway.

Factual narrative

On December 03, 1993, at 1627 Alaska standard time, a wheel equipped Piper PA-32-300 airplane, N38393, operated by Kusko Aviation, Inc., collided with terrain during a visual approach to runway 34 at Napakiak, Alaska. The airline transport certificated pilot-in-command, the sole occupant, was not injured, and the airplane sustained substantial damage. The 14 CFR Part 135 on demand cargo flight departed Bethel, Alaska at 1623 and the destination was Napakiak. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a company VFR flight plan was in effect.

The pilot told the NTSB investigator-in-charge during a telephone interview that he departed Bethel with two hours and 45 minutes of fuel and approximately 50 pounds of freight in the form of clothing. While performing a dog leg pattern to runway 34 from the base leg to the final approach heading, the stall warning horn came on. At the time, the airplane was in a 20 degree left bank descending turn with full flaps. While in the turn, the pilot recalled observing an indicated airspeed of between 50 and 55 knots and the plane's altitude was between 50 and 100 feet above the ground. The pilot said that he applied full power and maintained a nose down attitude in an attempt to regain airspeed. The airplane collided with the snow covered tundra approximately 300 feet short of the runway. The pilot reported that the plane's exterior surfaces were clear of ice prior to departing Bethel, that no precipitation was encountered en route, and that he experienced no problems with the plane's engine or flight controls. He estimated the weather at Napakiak at the time of his approach to be 600 feet scattered, visibility 3 miles, with no wind.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of control - in flightApproach - vfr pattern - base leg/base to final
Airspeed - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Stall - inadvertentPilot in command
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - uncontrolled

Aircraft

Registration
N38393
Reported as
Piper PA-32
Category
Airplane
Serial number
32-7840023
Airframe hours
11,569
Engine
Lycoming IO-540, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 135
Registered owner
Kusko Aviation Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · November 12, 1993 · 65 hours before
Departed
BET · Bethel, AK
Flight plan
Company VFR
Airport
WNA · Napakiak, runway 34, 2,100 × 100 ft, gravel

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
30
Certificates
Flight instructor, Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Toxicology
Performed
Flight hours
2,920 total · 955 in this make and model · 2,780 as pilot in command · 180 in the last 90 days · 60 in the last 30 days · 5 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
180° at 8 knots
Visibility
3 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
2,500 ft overcast
Temperature
10 °F, dew point 9 °F
Altimeter
29.00 inHg
Observed at
BET, 20 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N38393 · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.