ANC95LA119

The flight departed juneau, Alaska on a VFR flight to king salmon, Alaska. When the flight was 50 miles southwest of the yakutat VOR, the pilot requested an IFR clearance. He was cleared direct to middleton island VOR, then direct to king salmon VOR. When the flight was 20 miles northwest of middleton island, the pilot contacted ARTCC and indicated his right engine had come apart. The pilot attempted to fly to and land at middleton island, Alaska. During the flight, the airplane consistently lost altitude. He flew past the island and was southeast of the island, when radar contact was lost. The airplane was not recovered. Flight crew of rescue aircraft stated they saw bubbles, an oil slick, and airplane debris in the ocean approximately 3 miles south of the middleton island airport. The 1126 adt weather at the airport was in part: 600' broken, visibility 5 miles, wind from 117 deg at 17 gusting 25 knots.

History of flight

On July 29, 1995, a retractable gear, wheel equipped Cessna 421C, N800DD, registered to Business Flying Enterprises Inc., of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and operated by the owner/pilot, departed the Juneau Airport, Juneau, Alaska, at 0842 Alaska daylight time.

The destination was King Salmon, Alaska. While en route, the pilot of N800DD requested and received an instrument flight rules clearance. Approximately 20 miles west of Middleton Island, Alaska, the pilot indicated via a radio transmission that the airplane's right engine had come apart. He received a clearance to fly direct to the Middleton Island very high frequency omni range (VOR). The airplane descended to visual meteorological conditions for class G airspace while flying directly to the island. The Anchorage Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) maintained radar and radio contact with the flight until 1150 when they observed the flight pass Middleton Island and fly over the ocean southeast of the island. Rescue aircraft observed bubbles, an oil slick, and debris in the water approximately 3 nautical miles south of the Middleton Island Airport. The personal flight was operating under 14 CFR Part 91. The airplane wreckage has not been recovered from the ocean. One body was recovered. The pilot and remaining two passengers have not been located and are presumed fatally injured.

Witnesses

There were two Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) technicians on Middleton Island at the time of the accident. They were able to transmit a weather observation to ARTCC but neither saw or heard the airplane overfly Middleton Island.

Damage to aircraft

The airplane is presumed to have crashed in the ocean waters and has not been recovered. Airplane debris that washed up onto the shore of Middleton Island consisted of the following:

1. outer left main gear door 2. outer right main gear door 3. 2 pieces of wood grain colored, wood trim 4. 1 life vest, eastern aero marine, part number P0201-105, serial number J43762; it was unopened 5. 1 small strip of plexiglass which had one edge lined with weather stripping material 6. 2 antennas, a fin antenna 14 inches high by 5 inches long and a small fin antenna 2.25 inches high by 10.5 inches long 7. 3 pieces of fuel cell float material; one piece was marked with "s/n 3701 L CTR."

The parts were returned to Scott Air Charter, P.O. Box 37554, 5480 S Howell Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53237.

Personnel information

The 61 year old pilot was the holder of a commercial pilot certificate, number 001682420, with airplane single and multi engine land, and instrument airplane ratings. The pilot's total flight time was derived from his last application for medical certificate, dated 9/30/94. He showed a total flight time of 2000 hours and that he had flown 10 hours within the previous six months.

The pilot was the holder of a FAA second class medical certificate which required that he have glasses available for near vision. The medical certificate was dated 9/30/94.

It could not be determined if the pilot met the biennial flight review requirement.

Aircraft information

N800DD, a Cessna 421C, was registered to a corporation owned by the pilot. The pilot leased the airplane to Scott Air Charter of Milwaukee, WI. Scott Air Charter maintained the airplane and the airplane records. According to those records the airplane was on a continuous airworthiness inspection program. The last entry in the logbook, which complied with the continuous airworthiness inspection program, was dated 5/24/95. The inspection was termed routine and the exhaust system airworthiness directive, number 75-23-08, was complied with and no defects were found. The total time on the airplane at this inspection was 4,912 hours.

The airplane was equipped with 2 Continental GTSIO-520- MCL engines, each capable of producing 375 horsepower. The left engine, serial number 272193R, was installed on the airplane on 10/20/88. The engine was last inspected on 5/24/95 and had a total time since overhaul of 1362 hours. The right engine, serial number 606050, was installed on the airplane on 5/18/93. The engine was last inspected on 5/24/95 and had a total time since overhaul of 645.8 hours. The engine logbook entries for both engines referred to the inspection as "routine."

A review of the right engine logbook records shows that most of the logbook entries referred to the inspections as "routine." However, the alternator on the right engine was replaced 4 times with a serviceable unit on the following days; 3/2/94, 6/4/94, 5/28/94, and 2/1/95. The only entry that was not listed as a routine inspection was dated 11/14/94 and involved the number 5 cylinder change with a balanced cylinder assembly which included the cylinder, piston, and rings. The ring fit tolerances were listed on the rear of the yellow serviceable tag attached to the right engine's logbook.

Meteorological information

Middleton Island is located in the North Gulf Coast of Alaska, approximately 75 nautical miles south, southwest of Cordova, Alaska. Middleton Island is equipped with an Automatic Meteorological Observation System (AMOS) which reports the temperature, dewpoint, wind speed and direction, and the barometric pressure. The FAA occasionally staffs the Middleton Island remote communications outlet and radar facility with technicians and they are qualified to take and submit weather observations. Upon the request of the ARTCC, the technicians accomplished a weather observation approximately 1120 and transmitted the ceiling as estimated 600 broken, 9,000 overcast, visibility 5 miles with light rain and fog, temperature 53 degrees fahrenheit, dewpoint 43 degrees fahrenheit, winds from 117 degrees at 17 knots gusts to 25 knots, and the barometric pressure was 29.89 inches of mercury.

The area forecasts for the North Gulf Coast Area, which were provided by the FAA Air Traffic Evaluation division, showed that an AIRMET existed for: "IFR/MTN obscuration," with occasional ceilings below 1,000 feet and visibilities below 3 miles with light rain and fog. The forecast called for surface winds to be 15 knots with gusts to 25 knots. Moderate turbulence below 6,000 feet near channeled terrain and moderate rime ice in clouds and precipitation was also forecast. The freezing level was forecast to be 7,500 feet.

According to the FAA transcripts, a conversation between Juneau Flight Service Station, preflight station 6 (PF6), and a person identifying himself as the pilot of N800DD, showed that he was briefed about a lot of clouds and precipitation on the route of flight between Juneau and King Salmon. The weather was associated with an old typhoon that moved up into the Central Gulf of Alaska. He was further briefed about the freezing levels which were forecast to be between 6,000 and 7,000 feet.

Aids to navigation

N800DD departed Juneau on a visual flight rules flight plan. Approximately 50 miles southwest of Yakutat, Alaska, at 1009, N800DD called Anchorage Center and requested an instrument flight rules flight clearance from present position direct to King Salmon, Alaska. At 1011 ARTCC cleared N800DD present position direct to King Salmon. ARTCC was unable to establish radar contact so the clearance was amended to cleared direct Middleton VOR then direct King Salmon VOR.

Middleton Island is equipped with a VOR, frequency 115.3, identifier MDO. A non-directional beacon (NDB,) the Wessels NDB, is also located on Middleton Island and it has a frequency of 260 Mhz with an identifier of ESS. According to the Low Altitude En Route Chart, a VOR airway, V440, connects the Yakutat VOR, located east of Middleton Island, and the Middleton Island VOR. The airway V440 departs Middleton VOR wes