ANC96LA026

NTSB accident investigation · Boeing 757-232 · Fairbanks, AK · February 20, 1996

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
February 20, 1996, 00:02 local (04:02 UTC)
Place
Fairbanks, AK
Injuries
91 uninjured
Phase of flight
Taxi
Aircraft
N622DLBoeing 757-232N524UABoeing 757-222
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night/bright
Status
Completed · report May 9, 1996
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Alaska Regional Office
Case key
2799

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

inadequate visual lookout by the flightcrew of the Delta Boeing 757, N622DL, and their failure to follow procedures and directives by not closely following the ramp marshals' signals.

inadequate visual lookout by the flightcrew of the Delta Boeing 757, N622DL, and their failure to follow procedures and directives by not closely following the ramp marshals' signals.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Collision between aircraft (other than midair)Taxi - to takeoff
Unsafe/hazardous condition warning - issuedGround personnel
Unsafe/hazardous condition warning - not complied withFlightcrew
Procedures/directives - not followedFlightcrewCause
Visual lookout - inadequateFlightcrewCause
Collision between aircraft (other than midair)Standing
Unsafe/hazardous condition warning - issuedGround personnel
Unsafe/hazardous condition warning - not complied withPilot of other aircraft
Procedures/directives - not followedPilot of other aircraftCause
Visual lookout - inadequatePilot of other aircraftCause

Analysis

The Delta Boeing 757, N622DL, was departing the ramp area in a right turn to begin the taxi for takeoff. The United Boeing 757, N524UA, was parked at an adjoining gate pending an imminent departure. As the Delta 757 came closer to the parked United 757, ground marshals for the Delta airplane believed that the left wing of the Delta airplane was likely to strike the left wing of the United airplane. The marshals gave the emergency 'STOP' signal, but the Delta airplane continued moving and struck the wing of the United airplane. The Delta airplane kept moving and continued towards the active runway. The Delta crew was advised via radio to return to the ramp area, where they were advised of the collision.

The Delta Boeing 757, N622DL, was departing the ramp area in a right turn to begin the taxi for takeoff. The United Boeing 757, N524UA, was parked at an adjoining gate pending an imminent departure. As the Delta 757 came closer to the parked United 757, ground marshals for the Delta airplane believed that the left wing of the Delta airplane was likely to strike the left wing of the United airplane. The marshals gave the emergency 'STOP' signal, but the Delta airplane continued moving and struck the wing of the United airplane. The Delta airplane kept moving and continued towards the active runway. The Delta crew was advised via radio to return to the ramp area, where they were advised of the collision.

Factual narrative

See narrative for ANC96LA026A.

On February 20, 1996, about 0002 Alaska standard time, a Delta Airlines Boeing 757-232 airplane, N622DL, operating under 14 CFR Part 121 as Flight 367, collided with a United Airlines Boeing 757-222 airplane, N524UA, on the ramp at the Fairbanks International Airport, Fairbanks, Alaska. The United Airlines airplane was also operating under 14 CFR Part 121, as Flight 404. Both flights were en route to Anchorage, Alaska. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed in the area, and both flights had filed IFR flight plans.

There was no emergency evacuation from either airplane, and there were no reported injuries among the 39 passengers and 7 crew members aboard the Delta Flight, or the 38 passengers and 7 crew members aboard the United airplane.

According to Delta Airlines personnel and other witnesses, the Delta airplane was leaving Gate 8, and had initiated a turn to its right to taxi to the departure runway. During the course of the turn, the left wingtip of the Delta 757 collided with the left wingtip of the United 757, which was loaded with passengers, but still parked at an adjoining gate, Gate 7.

The Delta 757 sustained minor damage to the left wingtip navigation light and housing; the United 757 received substantial damage to the left outboard aileron.

Written statements (attached) from the two Delta Airlines ramp marshals, disclosed essentially the same information. Both ramp marshals were "unplugged" from the airplane, i.e., they were not communicating to the flight crew through any electronic means. They observed the airplane moving away from the ramp in what appeared to be a wide right turn. The marshal nearest the left wing signalled the emergency "STOP" signal with his flashlight wands when it became clear to him that the left wing was coming too close to the United airplane's wing tip. The wing marshal stated that he thinks the accident could have been prevented if the crew had observed his signals and stopped in a timely manner. The marshal closest to the nose of the Delta airplane also gave an emergency "STOP" signal with his wands, mimicking the signal he saw the wing marshal give. The forward marshal is unsure if the flight crew would have been in a position to see his stop signal because of his position (near mid-galley) in relation to the flight deck. The forward marshal noted in his statement that he never gave the crew the release from ramp salute, signalling that the airplane was clear of all obstacles.

After the collision, the flight crew continued towards the active runway. The Captain wrote in his statement that he received a signal from the dispatching agent (ramp marshal) signalling him forward to the taxiway. The Captain later received information that the airplane needed to return to the gate area. Once he returned to the gate, he was informed of the collision.

The United Airlines airplane was removed from service. Temporary repairs were made to the debonded composite aileron, and a ferry permit was issued by the FAA which allowed the airplane to be flown to United's repair facility in San Francisco, California, where a new aileron was installed.

Aircraft · 2

Registration
N622DL
Reported as
Boeing 757-232
Category
Airplane
Serial number
22912
Airframe hours
30,708
Engine
P&W 2037, 38,200 lbs thrust, turbo fan
Damage
Minor damage
Flight
Part 121
Operator
Delta Airlines, Inc.
Registered owner
Wilmington Trust
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · February 14, 1996 · 60 hours before
Departed
FAI
Destination
ANC · Anchorage, AK
Flight plan
Unknown
Airport
FAI · Fairbanks International
Registration
N524UA
Reported as
Boeing 757-222
Category
Airplane
Serial number
5224
Airframe hours
14,407
Engine
P&W 2037M, 38,200 lbs thrust, turbo fan
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 121
Registered owner
United Airlines
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · February 11, 1995 · 3,562 hours before
Destination
ANC · Anchorage, AK
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
FAI · Fairbanks International

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot, aircraft N622DL
Age
59
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
14,000 total · 2,484 in this make and model · 92 in the last 90 days · 8 in the last 30 days
Role
Pilot, aircraft N524UA
Age
54
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
16,995 total · 1,434 in this make and model · 208 in the last 90 days · 59 in the last 30 days · 208 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night/bright
Wind
190° at 7 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
4,700 ft broken
Temperature
-6 °F, dew point -0 °F
Altimeter
29.00 inHg
Observed at
FAI

FAA reports on this event · 2

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.