ATL91FA161

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 402B · Kathleen, GA · August 16, 1991

Accident · FatalField investigationFinal report
Date
August 16, 1991, 00:51 local (04:51 UTC)
Place
Kathleen, GA
Injuries
3 fatal
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N5855MCessna 402B
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Night/dark
Status
Completed · report April 8, 1993
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19910816034629A
Case key
8336

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control while descending at night. Factors related to the accident were: darkness, fog, the pilot's lack of qualification in multi-engine aircraft, his lack of experience in this type of aircraft, his overconfidence in his personal ability, and spatial disorientation of the pilot.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of control - in flightDescent - normal
Procedures/directives - not followedPilot in command
QualificationPilot in commandFactor
Light condition - nightFactor
Weather condition - fogFactor
Aircraft control - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Lack of total experience in type of aircraftPilot in commandFactor
Overconfidence in personal abilityPilot in commandFactor
Spatial disorientationPilot in commandFactor
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - uncontrolled

Analysis

The single engine rated pilot and 2 passengers were returning from Florida after picking up a newly acquired Cessna 402. The pilot called macon fss for fuel availability, and began a night, VFR descent. At about 5300 feet MSL, the airplane began rapid altitude excursions, while in a tight, right hand turn. During this time, it descended 2600 feet in 37 sec, then climbed 1200 feet in 12 sec. Subsequently, the airplane impacted gradually rising terrain at high speed. The engines were buried, and all prop blades showed evidence of power at impact. Weather in the area was reported to be: sky partially obscured with fog. An investigation revealed that the pilot was not multi-engine rated. A pilot for the seller flew with the accident pilot a few hrs prior to the crash; he reported that the accident pilot had difficulty flying the airplane. He recommended that the accident pilot get additional training prior to leaving Florida, but the accident pilot refused.

Aircraft

Registration
N5855M
Reported as
Cessna 402B
Category
Airplane
Serial number
402B0360
Airframe hours
4,348
Engine
Continental TSIO-520-E, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Destroyed
Fire
On-Ground
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Hmiel, Gordon D.
Registered owner
Hmiel, J. Philip
Last inspection
Annual · August 9, 1991
Departed
24J · Live Oak, FL
Destination
HKY · Hickory, NC

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
36
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Toxicology
Performed
Flight hours
521 total · 4 in this make and model · 395 as pilot in command

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Night/dark
Wind
Calm
Visibility
1 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
25,000 ft broken
Temperature
72 °F, dew point 70 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
WRB, 11 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.