ATL96LA063

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172RG · Gulf Shores, AL · March 10, 1996

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
March 10, 1996, 15:40 local (21:40 UTC)
Place
Gulf Shores, AL
Injuries
6 uninjured
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N6612VCessna 172RGN7480FHughes 269C
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report November 11, 1996
Report
Approved by Office Director
Case key
3705

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The failure of both pilots to maintain an adequate visual lookout. A factor was the lack of position reports via radio by the pilot of the helicopter.

The failure of both pilots to maintain an adequate visual lookout. A factor was the lack of position reports via radio by the pilot of the helicopter.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Midair collisionApproach - vfr pattern - final approach
Visual lookout - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Visual lookout - inadequatePilot of other aircraftCause
Radio communications - not usedPilot of other aircraftFactor
Forced landingEmergency descent/landing
Midair collisionApproach - vfr pattern - final approach
Visual lookout - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Visual lookout - inadequatePilot of other aircraftCause
Radio communications - not usedPilot in commandFactor
Forced landingApproach - vfr pattern - final approach

Analysis

The Cessna 172RG and a Hughes 269 helicopter, collided about 150 feet above the ground on the final approach course for runway 9. The Cessna was on the final approach for landing on runway 9, while the helicopter was proceeding south southeast across the final approach course to land at a hangar on the south side of the airport. The helicopter pilot had just completed hovering practice on the north side of the airport, and had circled north northwest, west, south, and then headed southeast to the landing area. Based upon the reported, damage, the helicopter main rotor contacted the left flap and horizontal stabilizer/elevator of the Cessna. The Cessna pilot stated he reported his position as he entered right base for runway 9, and as he turned onto final at 500 feet above ground. The Hughes pilot did not report making any radio transmissions. Both pilots stated they glimpsed the opposing aircraft just prior to the collision. Both pilots reported taking evasive action, which was ineffectual. The Cessna continued and was landed on the runway, while the helicopter pilot executed an autorotation and landed near the collision site.

The Cessna 172RG and a Hughes 269 helicopter, collided about 150 feet above the ground on the final approach course for runway 9. The Cessna was on the final approach for landing on runway 9, while the helicopter was proceeding south southeast across the final approach course to land at a hangar on the south side of the airport. The helicopter pilot had just completed hovering practice on the north side of the airport, and had circled north northwest, west, south, and then headed southeast to the landing area. Based upon the reported damage, the helicopter main rotor contacted the left flap and horizontal stabilizer/elevator of the Cessna. The Cessna pilot stated he reported his position as he entered right base for runway 9, and as he turned onto final at 500 feet above ground. The Hughes pilot did not report making any radio transmissions. Both pilots stated they glimpsed the opposing aircraft just prior to the collision. Both pilots reported taking evasive action, which was ineffectual. The Cessna continued and was landed on the runway, while the helicopter pilot executed an autorotation and landed near the collision site.

Factual narrative

See Narrative ATL96LA063A

On March 10, 1996, about 1540 central standard time, a Cessna 172RG airplane, N6612V, and a Hughes 269C helicopter, N7480F, collided in-flight while on approach for landing on runway 9 at the Jack Edwards Airport Gulf Shores, Alabama. Both aircraft were being operated by the pilots under the provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 91, and visual flight rules. Visual meteorological conditions existed at the time of the accident. There were no injuries to the airline transport pilot of the Cessna, the commercial pilot of the Hughes, or the passengers. A flight plan was not filed for the local personal flight of either aircraft. Both aircraft had departed Gulf Shores earlier in the afternoon.

The pilot of the Cessna reported entering right base for runway 9. He stated that he turned onto the final approach at an altitude of about 500 feet, and announced that position on the Unicom radio frequency, as he had announced his position upon entering base. About 150 feet above the ground he noticed the Hughes on his left side, coming toward him on a south-southeasterly heading. The Cessna pulled up and to the right. According to the pilot, the left flap and the left horizontal stabilizer were cut as a result of the collision. After the collision, the Cessna was landed on runway 9.

The pilot of the helicopter reported that he had been hovering over the taxiway at the north end of runway 35 for about 20 minutes. During that time he had noted traffic using runway 35. He departed from the hover practice to the north northeast, to circle to the south for landing at T-hangars located on the south side of the airport. The helicopter pilot stated that as he crossed the approach course for runway 9, he saw the Cessna "just over and just behind me and to my right." Following the collision, the helicopter pilot landed just below the point of impact. The helicopter pilot did not report making any radio transmissions. He stated in his report that there was damage to two rotor blades, and the landing gear.

Both pilots reported taking evasive action: the Cessna pilot pulling up and right, and the Hughes pilot turning left while attempting to descend.

Aircraft · 2

Registration
N6612V
Reported as
Cessna 172RG
Category
Airplane
Serial number
172RG0781
Airframe hours
2,229
Engine
Lycoming O-360-F1A6, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
James D. Jeter
Registered owner
Gulf Shores Flying Service
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · January 13, 1995 · 20 hours before
Departed
AL15
Airport
AL15 · Jack Edwards, runway 9, 5,399 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Registration
N7480F
Reported as
Hughes 269C
Category
Helicopter
Serial number
170570
Airframe hours
3,596
Engine
Lycoming HIO-360-D1A, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Donald T. Morgan
Registered owner
Skycopters, Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · September 1, 1995 · 27 hours before
Departed
AL15
Airport
AL15 · Jack Edwards, runway 9, 5,399 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot, aircraft N6612V
Age
47
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
5,895 total · 2 in this make and model · 5,600 as pilot in command · 229 in the last 90 days · 90 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours
Role
Pilot, aircraft N7480F
Age
44
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Flight hours
2,197 total · 949 in this make and model · 17 in the last 90 days · 3 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
360° at 12 knots
Visibility
15 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
52 °F, dew point 18 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
BFM, 15 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 2

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.