BFO93LA154

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28-161 · Centre Hall, PA · September 2, 1993

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
September 2, 1993, 17:50 local (21:50 UTC)
Place
Centre Hall, PA
Injuries
4 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N2406UPiper PA-28-161
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report October 20, 1994
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19930902033179A
Case key
8802

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot misjudged his airspeed and altitude which resulted in the pilot's failure to attain the proper touchdown point resultng in the airplane exiting the runway and colliding with the berm. A related factor was the location of the berm.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

On ground/water encounter with terrain/waterLanding
Altitude - misjudgedPilot in commandCause
Airspeed - misjudgedPilot in commandCause
Proper touchdown point - not attainedPilot in commandCause
Terrain condition - bermFactor

Analysis

The pilot and three passengers were on a local sightseeing flight when on his return to the airport, one of the passengers in the rear seat became ill. The pilot stated that he expedited the approach by reducing the power to idle, and commencing a descent of about 1000 feet per minute on the downwind leg. He stated that the airplane touched down midfield and he was unable to stop the airplane in time to avoid the embankment (berm) at the end of the runway. The airplane struck the embankment and came to rest about 60 feet from the end of the runway. The pilot stated that there was no mechanical malfunction.

Factual narrative

On Thursday, September 2, 1993, at 1750 eastern daylight time, N2406U, a Piper PA-28-161, operated by Air Atlantic Airlines of Centre Hall, Pennsylvania, and piloted by Duane Watkeys of Boalsburg, Pennsylvania, sustained substantial damage during landing at Penns Cave Airport, Centre Hall, Pennsylvania. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a flight plan was not filed. The certificated commercial pilot and his three passengers were not injured. The local sightseeing flight was conducted under 14 CFR 91.

According to the pilot, on the downwind leg to runway 25, one of the passengers in the rear seat became ill. He stated that he expedited the approach by reducing the power to idle, lowering full flaps, and attaining a rate of descent of about 1000 fpm. He stated that upon flare/touchdown about midfield, the airplane bounced about 3 times. He reported that when the main wheels were firmly on the runway, he applied the brakes, but the airplane exited the runway and went down an embankment. The pilot reported that there was no mechanical malfunctions and the accident could have been prevented if he had not expedited the approach which resulted in a higher airspeed and higher rate of descent. He also stated that a timely balked landing would have prevented the accident.

Aircraft

Registration
N2406U
Reported as
Piper PA-28-161
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-8016024
Engine
Lycoming O-320-D3G, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 91
Operator
Air Atlantic Airlines
Registered owner
Air Atlantic Airlines Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 23, 1993
Airport
N74 · Penns Cave, runway 25, 2,490 × 40 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
33
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
2,105 total · 167 in this make and model · 844 as pilot in command · 63 in the last 90 days · 53 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
6 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
10,000 ft overcast
Temperature
84 °F, dew point 64 °F
Altimeter
29.00 inHg
Observed at
N74

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.