BFO94LA072

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 140 · Clarion, PA · April 22, 1994

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
April 22, 1994, 18:40 local (22:40 UTC)
Place
Clarion, PA
Injuries
1 serious, 1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N76545Cessna 140
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report March 13, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19940422009169A
Case key
8914

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain directional control which resulted in an overrun of the runway and collision with a berm.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of control - on ground/waterTakeoff - roll/run
Directional control - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Ground loop/swerve - inadvertentPilot in command
On ground/water encounter with terrain/waterTakeoff - aborted
Terrain condition - drop-off/descending embankment
Nose overTakeoff - aborted

Analysis

As the pilot began the takeoff roll, the airplane began to veer to the left. He stated that he 'overcontrolled' the airplane in an attempt to correct the heading of the airplane. The airplane then veered to the right and again to the left. The pilot closed the throttle and the airplane continued to roll off the left side of the runway and down an embankment. It nosed over and was substantially damaged. An examination of the airplane did not reveal any pre-impact mechanical deficiencies.

Factual narrative

On April 22, 1994, about 1840 hours eastern daylight time, N76545, a Cessna 140, operated by the owner/pilot, was substantially damaged during takeoff from the Clarion County Airport, Clarion, Pennsylvania. The certificated private pilot received minor injuries, and the sole passenger was seriously injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a flight plan was not filed. The local flight was conducted under 14 CFR 91.

A witness observed the pilot conduct a pre-flight inspection, taxi to the end of runway 6, and perform an engine run-up. The airplane was then observed to begin its takeoff roll. About 500 feet down the runway, the tail of the airplane began to rise. The airplane was then observed to swerve off the left side of the runway and down an embankment. The airplane nosed over and was found upside down about 60 feet from the left edge of runway.

The pilot stated that as he added full power and began the takeoff roll, the airplane began to drift to the left. He "overcontrolled" the airplane with right rudder and the airplane began to veer to the right. He attempted to regain directional control, but was unable. He stated that "... a ground loop was inevitable ..." so he closed the throttle, lowered the flaps, and observed the airplane veer off the left side of the runway and down an embankment. The pilot did not report any mechanical malfunctions.

According to an FAA Aviation Safety Inspector, the airplane was found inverted at the base of an embankment that borders the north side of the runway. The airplane came to rest about 1,000 feet from the approach end of runway 6. Both wings and the vertical stabilizer were substantially damaged. Tire skid marks consistent with witness observations were found on the runway. An examination of the airplane did not reveal any pre-impact mechanical deficiencies.

Aircraft

Registration
N76545
Reported as
Cessna 140
Category
Airplane
Serial number
10981
Airframe hours
2,420
Engine
Continental C-85-12, 85 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Kahle, Donald
Registered owner
Kahle, Donald
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · June 14, 1993 · 7 hours before
Airport
I11 · Clarion County, runway 6, 4,100 × 75 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
54
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
5,000 total · 100 in this make and model · 3,500 as pilot in command · 2 in the last 90 days · 2 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
340° at 10 knots
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
50 °F, dew point 12 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
DUJ, 20 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.