CEN09CA041

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172 · Monticello, IN · October 25, 2008

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
October 25, 2008, 17:10 local (21:10 UTC)
Place
Monticello, IN
Injuries
4 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N54971Cessna 172
Defining event
Approach-VFR go-around: Aerodynamic stall/spin
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report December 3, 2008
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA Indianapolis FSDO
FAA report
20081025851489A
Case key
69367

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot stalled the airplane during a go-around. Contributing to the accident included the pilot's improper in-flight decision, the tailwind landing, and the pilot's failure to put the carburetor Heat to "OFF" during the go-around.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Wind: tailwindEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcomeCessna 172P: 2 casesAll aircraft: 594 casesProbable cause
Engine fuel and control: fuel control/carburetorAircraft › Aircraft power plant · Incorrect use/operationCessna 172P: 2 casesAll aircraft: 195 casesProbable cause
Action: incorrect action performancePersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotCessna 172P: 19 casesAll aircraft: 1,386 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 172P: 76 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot and three passengers in a Cessna 172P, which had 40 gallons of fuel on board, were on final approach to runway 36 after a 30 minute flight. The pilot reported that when the airplane was about 50 feet above ground level (agl), he executed a go-around because it felt like the winds were pushing the airplane left of the runway. He pushed in the throttle, raised the flaps 1 notch, and gradually raised the airplane's pitch attitude. (He did not push in the Carburetor Heat to the OFF position.) He reported that the airplane stalled and subsequently nosed over when the propeller impacted the terrain. The airport manager observed the airplane approaching from the south and landing on runway 36 even though the winds were out of the south. He reported that the pilot attempted to go-around when the airplane was about 15 feet agl, but the airplane stalled as it attempted to climb at low airspeed with a tailwind component. The airport manager noted that the winds were 220 degrees at 12 knots. A windsock and wind "T" were installed at the airport.

Factual narrative

The 19-year-old private pilot and three passengers in a Cessna 172P, which had 40 gallons of fuel on board, were on final approach to runway 36 after a 30 minute flight. The pilot reported that everything "seemed normal" until the airplane was about 50 feet above ground level (agl). He reported, "It felt like wind gusts were pushing me off the runway to the left." The pilot executed a go-around by pushing in the throttle, raising the flaps 1 notch, and gradually raising the airplane's pitch attitude. He reported that the airplane did not respond and it kept losing altitude. He reported that the airplane stalled and subsequently nosed over when the propeller impacted the terrain about 20 feet from the runway. The pilot and passengers exited the airplane through the front windshield without injuries. The airport manager reported that the airport's office was closed since it was after 5 PM, and he was out walking the dogs. He observed the airplane approaching from the south and landing on runway 36 even though the winds were out of the south. He reported that pilot attempted to go-around when the airplane was about 15 feet agl. He reported that the airplane stalled as it attempted to climb at low airspeed with a tailwind component. The airplane impacted the terrain and nosed over. The occupants had already exited the airplane when he arrived with a fire extinguisher. When he got back to the office, he noted that the winds were 220 degrees at 12 knots. The time of the accident was 1710. He reported that the airport's wind "T" and windsock were visible to the pilot. The pilot reported that the accident could have been prevented had he done the following: 1. Known the exact weather and forecast weather en route and at the destination. 2. Thoroughly calculated the Weight and Balance for the flight. 3. Made quicker and smarter decisions. 4. Made sure the Carburetor Heat was OFF on final approach.

Aircraft

Registration
N54971
Reported as
Cessna 172 (P)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
17275095
Engine
Lycoming, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Lafayette Aviation Inc
Registered owner
Lafayette Aviation Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Departed
LAF · West Lafayette, IN
Destination
MCX · Monticello, IN
Airport
MCX · White County Airporr, runway 36, 4,002 × 60 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
19
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 1
Flight hours
155 total · 5 in this make and model · 145 as pilot in command · 38 in the last 90 days · 20 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
220° at 12 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
4,700 ft broken
Temperature
54 °F, dew point 37 °F
Altimeter
29.87 inHg
Observed at
LAF

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.