CEN09LA579

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172S · Park Rapids, MN · September 13, 2009

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
September 12, 2009, 22:30 local (Sep 13, 2009, 03:30 UTC)
Place
Park Rapids, MN
Injuries
1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N523NDCessna 172S
Defining event
Takeoff: Abnormal runway contact
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night
Status
Completed · report April 19, 2010
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA Minneapolis FSDO
FAA report
20090912049389A
Case key
74723

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain a proper climb rate during a night takeoff.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: climb rateAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 172S: 3 casesAll aircraft: 265 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 172S: 206 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Light condition: darkEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operationCessna 172S: 19 casesAll aircraft: 448 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot performed a go-around on the first attempted landing at the airport during night visual meteorological conditions. On the second attempt, he landed about mid-field and performed a stop and go landing. He initiated the takeoff using 10-degrees of flaps. The pilot reported that when he reached about 100 feet above ground level, he retracted the flaps. He felt that the airspeed was a little low (70 knots IAS) so he pushed the nose over. He stated that he did not think he was in a descent, but the airplane hit the ground about 100 feet from the end of the runway. The nose gear collapsed and both wings were damaged as the airplane bounced and skidded to a stop. The examination of the accident site revealed eight ground scars in the grass which were consistent with propeller strikes. The propeller blades exhibited leading edge nicks and gouges, chordwise scratching, and blade twist. The inspection of the airplane’s flight controls revealed no preexisting anomalies. The pilot reported that he had 112 hours of flight time with 112 hours in make and model. He had flown 9 hours at night which included 2 hours of night experience when he was pilot-in-command.

Factual narrative

On September 12, 2009, at 2230 central daylight time, a Cessna 172S, N523ND, operated by the University of North Dakota, sustained substantial damage when it impacted terrain during takeoff from runway 31 (5,498 feet by 100 feet, asphalt) at the Park Rapids Memorial Airport (PKD), Park Rapids, Minnesota. The pilot, the sole occupant, received minor injuries. The 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 flight was departing PKD with Grand Forks International Airport (GFK), Grand Forks, North Dakota, as the final destination. Night visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a visual flight rules (VFR) flight plan was filed. The private pilot reported he departed GFK at 1950 and flew to Baudette, Minnesota, and performed a stop and go landing. The pilot then departed Baudette and flew to PKD. The pilot did a go-around on the first attempted landing. On the second attempt he landed about mid-field and did a stop and go landing. He departed for GFK and initiated the takeoff using 10-degrees of flaps. The pilot reported that when he reached about 100 feet above ground level he retracted the flaps. He felt that the airspeed was a little low (70 knots IAS) so he pushed the nose over. He stated that he did not think he was in a descent, but the airplane hit the ground about 100 feet from the end of the runway. A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector examined the accident site and airplane. He reported that the examination of the accident site revealed that the airplane touched down about 100 feet from the end of the runway and went back into the air. When the airplane contacted the ground the second time, there were 8 ground scars in the grass which were consistent with propeller strikes. The airplane went airborne again, and the nose gear collapsed and both wings were damaged when it hit the ground the third time. The airplane came to rest about 150 feet from the end of the runway. The inspection of the airplane’s flight controls revealed no preexisting anomalies. The propeller blades exhibited leading edge nicks and gouges, chordwise scratching, and blade twist. The AmSafe seat belt airbag deployed on the pilot side. The pilot and co-pilot AmSafe airbag restraint systems were sent to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) for examination. The examination revealed that the pilot’s restraint system was intact and functional. Markings on the belt portion of the restraint were consistent with some load having been placed on the belt. The lap-belt-mounted airbag had clearly deployed; however, there was no evidence on the bag itself to suggest that significant loads had been applied to the bag during the crash. The pilot was a 21-year-old private pilot with a single-engine land rating. He held a first class medical certificate that was issued on February 11, 2009. The pilot reported that he had 112 hours of flight time with 112 hours in make and model. He had flown 9 hours at night which included 2 hours of night experience when he waspilot-in-command.

Aircraft

Registration
N523ND
Reported as
Cessna 172S
Category
Airplane
Serial number
172S10816
Airframe hours
1,020
Engine
Lycoming IO-360-L2A, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Operator
University of North Dakota
Registered owner
University of North Dakota
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
AAIP · September 9, 2009
Departed
PKD · Park Rapids, MN
Destination
GFK · Grand Forks, ND
Flight plan
Unknown
Airport
PKD · Park Rapids Municipal, runway 31, 5,498 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
21
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
July 27, 2009
Seat
Left
Flight hours
112 total · 112 in this make and model · 19 as pilot in command · 44 in the last 90 days · 13 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night
Wind
230° at 7 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
7,000 ft overcast
Temperature
64 °F, dew point 61 °F
Altimeter
30.17 inHg
Observed at
PKD, 1 nm away

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 8, 2010, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 5.5 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.