CEN10CA384

NTSB accident investigation · American AA-1 · Gallup, NM · July 19, 2010

Accident · Serious injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
July 19, 2010, 11:45 local (17:45 UTC)
Place
Gallup, NM
Injuries
1 serious, 1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N5660LAmerican AA-1
Defining event
Initial climb: Collision during takeoff/land
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report March 16, 2011
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20100719037949A
Case key
76575

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning and failure to attain an adequate airspeed that led to a stall/mush. Contributing to the accident was the lack of suitable terrain for an off-airport landing and the high density altitude.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Personnel issuesPersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotAmerican AA-1: 1 caseAll aircraft: 56 casesProbable cause
Action: incorrect action performancePersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotAmerican AA-1: 1 caseAll aircraft: 1,386 casesProbable cause
Temp/humidity/pressure: high density altitudeEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on equipmentAmerican AA-1: 2 casesAll aircraft: 278 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

While en route on a cross-country flight, the pilot decided to land at an upcoming airport to replenish the airplane's fuel supply. He chose that specific airport because he thought that its lower elevation would be a better choice than his original planned stop. As was his normal practice at an unfamiliar airport, he opted to perform a touch-and-go practice takeoff and landing. After a normal touchdown, he input full throttle and began the departure. As the airplane passed the end of the runway, it began to lose altitude. Believing that he could not make it back to the runway, the pilot attempted to locate a suitable area to make a forced landing. The airplane could not make it to his selected area and collided with terrain, separating both wings from the fuselage. The pilot reported that there were no preimpact anomalies with the airframe or engine. The density altitude at the time of the accident was about 10,200 feet.

Factual narrative

The pilot stated that while en route on a cross-country flight, he decided to stop at the Gallup Municipal Airport (GUP) in order to get fuel. He also believed that the airport’s lower elevation would be a better choice than his original planned stop. He added that at unfamiliar airports, he preferred to do a “touch-n-go” before landing. So, he did a normal approach and touched down before adding “full-throttle”, and “took-off at 80-mph; [however, and] only got to about 35-40 feet (of altitude).” Once past the runway end, he started to lose altitude. The pilot leaned out the airplane’s engine but kept losing altitude. Believing that he could not make it back to the runway, he looked for a place for a forced landing. The pilot reported he was unable to make his landing spot and that his only option was to “simply pull-up the nose and pancake in”. During the maneuver the airplane’s left wing struck the ground and subsequently both the airplane's left and right wings separated. The engine remained attached to the fuselage by the various electrical/control wires and cables. The pilot reported no pre-impact anomalies with the airplane’s flight controls or engine. A post accident calculation of the density altitude, indicated that at the time of accident, the density altitude was about 10,200 feet.

Aircraft

Registration
N5660L
Reported as
American AA-1
Category
Airplane
Serial number
AA1-0060
Airframe hours
1,499
Engine
Lycoming O-235 SERIES, 115 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 3, 2009
Departed
KLVS · Las Vegas, NV
Destination
KSEZ · Sedona, AZ
Flight plan
Unknown
Airport
KGUP · Gallup Municipal Airport, runway 24, 7,316 × 100 ft

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
67
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Helicopter
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Seat
Left
Flight hours
5,500 total · 27 in this make and model · 2,500 as pilot in command

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
230° at 7 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
90 °F, dew point 48 °F
Altimeter
30.21 inHg
Observed at
KGUP

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 5, 2010, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 805 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.