CEN11CA678

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28-180 · Buena Vista, CO · September 6, 2011

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
September 5, 2011, 18:15 local (Sep 6, 2011, 01:15 UTC)
Place
Buena Vista, CO
Injuries
1 minor, 2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N9430JPiper PA-28-180
Defining event
Initial climb: Loss of engine power (partial)
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report February 16, 2012
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20110905020899A
Case key
81948

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The airplane’s diminished climb performance due to the pilot not leaning the engine mixture enough prior to takeoff in high density altitude conditions and at nearly maximum gross takeoff weight.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: climb rateAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedPiper PA-28-180: 2 casesAll aircraft: 265 casesProbable cause
Action: incorrect action performancePersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotPiper PA-28-180: 10 casesAll aircraft: 1,386 casesProbable cause
Temp/humidity/pressure: high density altitudeEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on equipmentPiper PA-28-180: 3 casesAll aircraft: 278 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that the airplane took off at a little over 60 knots. He stated that, just after liftoff, the airplane was initially sluggish to climb, so he lowered the nose to gain more speed in ground effect (to about 70 knots). The airplane started to gain some altitude, so the pilot continued the departure. He stated that, shortly after clearing the end of the runway, there was a loss of power and climb performance. With trees and houses ahead and insufficient altitude to clear them, the pilot decided to land in a field with deep grass just north of the airport. Upon landing in the field, the nose landing gear collapsed, resulting in substantial damage to the front of the fuselage. After the accident, the pilot reported that he believed that he may not have leaned the engine enough during run-up, resulting in less than 100 percent available power to climb. He also reported that the spark plugs may have been fouled due to the mixture setting, resulting in the loss of available power immediately after takeoff. The pilot stated that the airplane was loaded to within 65 pounds of its maximum gross weight and with a calculated density altitude of 10,400 feet, the anticipated climb rate of 300 feet per minute required full power as outlined in the Pilot’s Operating Handbook. He stated that, if there were not deep grass in the landing field, he could have landed the airplane without incident.

Factual narrative

The pilot reported that he rolled down the runway for takeoff a little over 60 knots. He stated that just after liftoff, the airplane was initially sluggish to climb so he lowered the nose to gain more speed in ground effect (about 70 knots). The airplane started to gain some altitude, so the pilot continued his departure. Shortly after clearing the end of the runway, there was a loss of power and climb performance. With trees and houses ahead and insufficient altitude to clear them, the pilot decided to land in a field with deep grass just north of the airport. Upon landing in the field the nose landing gear collapsed resulting in substantial damage to the front of the fuselage. The pilot and both passengers exited the airplane without significant injuries. After the accident the pilot said he believed that he may not have leaned the engine enough during run up resulting in less than 100 percent available power for the climbout. He also reported that the spark plugs may have been fowled due to the mixture setting resulting in the loss of available power immediately after takeoff. The pilot stated that the airplane was loaded to within 65 pounds of its maximum gross weight and with a calculated density altitude of 10,400 feet, the anticipated climb rate of 300 feet per minute required full power as outlined in the Pilot Operating Handbook. He stated that if there was not deep grass in the landing field, he could have landed the airplane without incident.

Aircraft

Registration
N9430J
Reported as
Piper PA-28-180
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-3541
Airframe hours
4,324
Engine
Lycoming O&VO-360 SER, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Valentine David L
Registered owner
Valentine David L
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · November 12, 2010
Departed
AEJ · Buena Vista, CO
Destination
Buena Vista, CO
Flight plan
Unknown

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
52
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Seat
Left
Flight hours
74 total · 73 in this make and model · 41 in the last 90 days · 16 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
300° at 3 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
75 °F, dew point 18 °F
Altimeter
30.25 inHg
Observed at
AEJ

Docket · 2

The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 16, 2012, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 4.8 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N9430J · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.