CEN11LA250

NTSB accident investigation · Embraer EMB-145LR · Kansas City, MO · March 26, 2011

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
March 26, 2011, 07:29 local (12:29 UTC)
Place
Kansas City, MO
Injuries
1 serious, 51 uninjured
Damage
No damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N931AEEmbraer EMB-145LR
Defining event
Enroute-climb to cruise: Turbulence encounter
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 20, 2012
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20110326005879A
Case key
78703

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

An in-flight encounter with convectively induced turbulence associated with developing thunderstorms under the flight path during the airplane's climb to cruise flight.

Findings · 1

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

TurbulenceEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on personnelEmbraer EMB-145LR: 1 caseAll aircraft: 92 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

During climb to cruise flight, the flight attendant was returning to her jumpseat when the airplane encountered convectively induced turbulence associated with developing thunderstorms under the flight path. The flight attendant lost her footing and hit her head on the service galley door. While trying to find something to grab, the flight attendant fell again and injured her wrist and knee. She advised the flight crew that she would be unable to complete her duties and the flight was diverted to seek medical attention for the flight attendant. The operator subsequently confirmed that the flight attendant was seriously injured when her wrist and hand sustained fractures. The flight’s flight data recorder data showed that an upset event occurred during climb; the vertical acceleration ranged from 1.54g to 0.60g in a 1-second period.

Factual narrative

On March 26, 2011, about 0729 central daylight time, an Embraer EMB-145LR, N931AE, operated by American Eagle Airlines as flight 4355, sustained no damage when it encountered turbulence while in a climb north of Kansas City, Missouri, while en-route to the Chicago O'Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois. The 2 pilots and 49 passengers were uninjured. The flight attendant sustained a serious injury and the flight diverted to the Kansas City International Airport (MCI), near Kansas City, Missouri. The scheduled domestic passenger flight was conducted under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 121. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and an activated instrument flight rules flight plan was on file. The flight originated about 0705, from the Will Rogers World Airport (OKC), near Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The operator reported that the flight attendant had finished her cabin service and was returning to her jumpseat when the airplane encountered convectively induced turbulence associated with a developing thunderstorm under the flight path while climbing through flight level (FL) 320. The flight attendant lost her footing and hit her head on the service galley door. While trying to find something to grab the flight attendant fell again and injured her wrist and knee. Immediately the flight attendant noticed her hand swelling up. She contacted the flight crew, informed them of what had happened, and stated to the crew that she would be unable to complete her duties. The flight crew elected to divert to MCI so the flight attendant could seek immediate medical attention. The flight attendant was met by paramedics and taken to the hospital. The operator subsequently confirmed that the flight attendant was seriously injured when her wrist and hand sustained fractures. The airplane’s flight data recorder data was reviewed. The data showed that the upset event occurred during the climb approximately 07:29:35. The data showed the vertical acceleration ranged from 1.54g to 0.60g in a 1-second period and that the airplane was climbing through FL 299. Review of the flight's dispatch records indicated scattered to broken areas of thunderstorms extending from eastern Oklahoma to western Arkansas with tops to 42,000 feet above sea level and it advised of possible convection over eastern Oklahoma. The dispatch paperwork did not include the latest convective significant meteorological information (SIGMET) 22C for an area of severe thunderstorms, which existed in the immediate vicinity of the upset location.

Aircraft

Registration
N931AE
Reported as
Embraer EMB-145LR
Category
Airplane
Serial number
14500912
Engines
Rolls-Royc AE3007 SER, 7,200 horsepower, turbo fanRolls-Royc AE3007 SER, 7,200 horsepower, turbo fan
Damage
No damage
Flight
Part 121
Operator
American Eagle Airlines Inc
Registered owner
American Eagle Airlines Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Departed
OKC · Oklahoma City, OK
Destination
ORD · Chicago, IL
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
MCI · Kansas City IAP

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
31
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
January 12, 2011
Seat
Left
Flight hours
6,788 total · 394 as pilot in command
Role
Co-pilot
Age
27
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
August 12, 2010
Seat
Right
Flight hours
2,936 total

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
70° at 14 knots
Visibility
9 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
1,500 ft overcast
Temperature
36 °F, dew point 30 °F
Altimeter
29.87 inHg
Observed at
MCI, 98 nm away

Docket · 7

The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 8, 2012, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 7.6 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.