CEN20LA017

NTSB accident investigation · Socata TB 30 Epsilon · Kalamazoo, MI · November 1, 2019

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
November 1, 2019, 16:35 local (20:35 UTC)
Place
Kalamazoo, MI
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N50TBSocata TB 30 Epsilon
Defining event
Enroute-climb to cruise: Unknown or undetermined
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration; Grand Rapids FSDO
FAA report
20191101018989A
Case key
100519

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

A total loss of engine power for undetermined reasons, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall during the pilot’s attempted forced landing at low altitude and impact with terrain.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Not determinedNot determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determinedSocata TB 30 EPSILON: 1 caseAll aircraft: 2,247 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: angle of attackAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedSocata TB 30 EPSILON: 1 caseAll aircraft: 990 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotSocata TB 30 EPSILON: 1 caseAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Power plantAircraft › Aircraft power plant · FailureSocata TB 30 EPSILON: 1 caseAll aircraft: 198 casesProbable cause
TerrainEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on equipmentSocata TB 30 EPSILON: 1 caseAll aircraft: 267 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot stated that, during the takeoff roll, the engine noise and airplane acceleration were normal; however, as the airplane climbed through 300 to 400 ft above ground level, the engine began to lose power, and the airplane could not maintain altitude. The pilot said that as the airplane neared the ground, he attempted to reduce the descent rate by flaring as much as possible, but the airplane stalled and impacted the ground with a “great deal of force” and slid to a stop, resulting in substantial damage to the left wing. Postaccident examination revealed no fuel in the fuel supply line leading to the engine for undetermined reasons. No other anomalies were noted during the examination, but a comprehensive engine exam was not performed, and the reason for the loss of engine power was not determined.

Factual narrative

On November 1, 2019, at 1635 eastern daylight time, a Socata TB-30 Epislon, N50TB, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Kalamazoo, Michigan. The pilot received serious injuries. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. The pilot stated that, during the takeoff roll, the engine noise and airplane acceleration were normal. The airplane lifted off the runway and the pilot retracted the flaps, retracted the landing gear, and turned the electric fuel pump off. While the airplane climbed through 300 to 400 ft above ground level, the engine began to lose power and the airplane could not maintain altitude. The pilot thought that he could perform a forced landing on runway 9 or its taxiway but chose to land on the taxiway to avoid trees, building, and roads along the glidepath. The pilot stated that the flaps were not extended because did not want to increase drag. During the turn, the stall warning horn annunciated due to the high bank angle and low airspeed. The pilot lowered the airplane nose to maintain airspeed, but a “significant” descent rate developed, and the airplane did not have enough altitude to reach the taxiway. The pilot then decided to land on a grass area with the landing gear retracted because he did not want to risk flipping the airplane over on soft ground during landing. The pilot stated that, as the airplane neared the ground, he attempted to reduce the descent rate by flaring as much as possible, but with reduced airspeed, the airplane stalled again. The airplane impacted the ground with a “great deal of force” and slid to a stop. Postaccident examination revealed substantial damage to the left wing. The left wing fuel tank was broken open and contained unusable fuel. The right fuel tank was full of fuel. The propeller exhibited scratching and aft bending. The fuel supply line leading from the firewall to the engine contained no fuel. The spark plugs exhibited coloration consistent with normal combustion. The engine did not exhibit external indications of component failure. Flight control continuity was established. A postaccident engine run was not performed.

Aircraft

Registration
N50TB
Reported as
Socata TB 30 Epsilon
Category
Airplane
Serial number
50
Built
1985
Airframe hours
3,028.4
Engine
Lycoming AEIO-540-L1B5D, 300 hp, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Experimental (Special)
Last inspection
Condition · December 5, 2018
Departed
AZO · Kalamazoo, MI
Destination
BTL · Battle Creek, MI
Airport
AZO · Kalamazoo/Battle Creek Interna, runway 9, 2,800 × 60 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
48
Injuries
Serious
Certificates
Airline transport, Military, Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
February 11, 2019
Seat
Front
Flight hours
9,555 total · 82 in this make and model · 3,809 as pilot in command · 202 in the last 90 days · 90 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
210° at 13 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
9,000 ft broken
Temperature
43 °F, dew point 23 °F
Altimeter
30.19 inHg
Observed at
AZO

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 10, 2022, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 17.3 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.