CEN20LA383

NTSB accident investigation · Stearman A75N1(PT17) · Henderson, TX · September 5, 2020

Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
September 5, 2020, 14:30 local (19:30 UTC)
Place
Henderson, TX
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N373VUStearman A75N1(PT17)
Defining event
Initial climb: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20200905012739A
Case key
101923

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot’s failure to maintain proper airspeed, resulting in an aerodynamic stall after takeoff.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotBoeing A75N1(PT17): 33 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: airspeedAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedBoeing A75N1(PT17): 2 casesAll aircraft: 1,681 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

After about 2.5 hours of uneventful flight, the pilot landed the airplane for a fuel stop. About 20 minutes later, the pilot took off to continue the trip. Upon takeoff, shortly after rotation, the pilot noted that the airplane seemed to be “mushy,” even though the engine was “screaming,” as if it were producing power. He stated that the airplane “seemed to be hanging from the propeller.” The pilot initiated a left turn to return to the runway and decided to level off. After leveling off, the tail of the airplane impacted trees and the airplane went straight down. The passenger got a glimpse at the instruments, and the airspeed indicator showed about “sixty” when the airplane hit the trees. A witness observed the airplane take off and climb to about 150 feet. He thought that the engine appeared to lose power, but it was still running. He saw the airplane turn to the left and appeared to stall. Examination of the airframe and engine did not reveal any pre-impact anomalies. One of the wooden propeller blades was shattered, consistent with rotation at impact. The wreckage was found amidst trees, nose down, consistent with a low inertia impact. It is likely that the pilot initiated a turn at too low an airspeed and the airplane stalled after takeoff.

Factual narrative

On September5, 2020, about 1430 central daylight time, a Stearman A75N1 (PT17), N373VU, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Henderson, Texas. The pilot and 1 passenger sustained minor injuries. The airplane was being operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91 personal flight. According to the pilot, he sold the airplane and was flying it from Paris, Texas, to Cleveland Texas, for delivery to the buyer. Everything went well on the flight from Paris, Texas, and he landed the airplane at Rusk County Airport (RFI), Henderson Texas, for a fuel stop. The airplane was refueled with about 20 gallons of fuel about 20 minutes prior to takeoff. Upon takeoff from RFI, shortly after rotation, the pilot noted that the airplane seemed to be “mushy,” even though the engine was “screaming,” as if it were producing power. He stated that the airplane “seemed to be hanging from the propeller.” The pilot initiated a left turn to return to the runway and decided to level off. After leveling off, the tail of the airplane impacted trees and the airplane went straight down. The passenger reported noticing after takeoff that the airplane was turning left but the right wing kept going up. The pilot told her to get down. She looked down and all she saw below was trees. She said that she got a glimpse at the instruments, and the airspeed indicator showed about “sixty” when the airplane hit the trees. A witness observed the airplane taxiing on the ramp prior to takeoff. He observed the airplane takeoff from runway 35 and climb to about 150 feet. He thought that the engine appeared to lose power, but it was still running. He saw the airplane turn to the left and appeared to stall. The airplane then disappeared behind a tree line (see figure). Figure. Accident Proximity to Runway 35. The airplane wreckage was found amidst trees in a densely wooded area to the left of the departure end of runway 35 at RFI. The airplane was about 80º nose down, with the empennage resting against a tree. The upper and lower wings were substantially damaged, and the forward section of the fuselage and engine compartment were buckled. The aft section part of the empennage and vertical stabilizer were buckled. Fuel smell was present at the accident site. Visual examination of the engine did not show any obvious pre-impact anomalies. Visual examination of the flight controls did not reveal any pre-impact anomalies. One of the wooden propeller blades was splintered consistent with rotation at impact, and one blade was broken at the tip. A fuel sample taken from the source at RFI tested normal.

Aircraft

Registration
N373VU
Reported as
Stearman A75N1(PT17) (Undesignat)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
75-970
Built
1940
Airframe hours
6,400
Engine
Continental W670-6N, 240 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 10, 2020 · 1 hours before
Departed
KRFI · Henderson, TX
Destination
KRFI · Henderson, TX
Airport
KRFI · Rusk County, runway 35, 4,006 × 75 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Unknown

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
55
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Student
Seat
Rear
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
100 total · 25 in this make and model · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
20° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
82 °F, dew point 75 °F
Altimeter
30.25 inHg
Observed at
RFI

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 19, 2022, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.2 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.