CEN21LA112

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-32R-301 · Sparta, MI · January 12, 2021

Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
January 12, 2021, 16:58 local (21:58 UTC)
Place
Sparta, MI
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N35718Piper PA-32R-301
Defining event
Approach-VFR pattern final: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Night
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20210112000229A
Case key
102521

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot’s failure to maintain the proper glideslope during final approach, which resulted in contact with a snowbank at the approach end of the runway.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: descent/approach/glide pathAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedPiper PA-32R-301: 1 caseAll aircraft: 809 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The airplane touched down short of the runway and encountered a snowbank adjacent to the approach threshold. The landing gear collapsed, and the airplane skidded along the runway before coming to rest. The pilot reported that he “misjudged the end of the runway” during landing after executing a GPS approach. There were no malfunctions associated with the airplane before the accident. He noted that maintaining the glideslope guidance provided by the precision approach path indicator would have prevented the accident. Additionally, canceling his instrument flight plan while on the approach “proved distracting.” The snowbank was less than 3-ft high and would not have been an issue had the pilot maintained the proper approach glideslope. Although the airframe accumulated about 1/2 inch of ice during the descent and approach, there is no evidence that it contributed to the accident.

Factual narrative

On January 12, 2021, at 1658 eastern standard time, a Piper PA-32R-301, N35718, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident at Paul C. Miller Airport (8D4), Sparta, Michigan. The pilot and passenger were not injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. According to a Federal Aviation Administration inspector, main landing gear tire tracks in the snow cover indicated that the airplane touched down about 18 ft short of the runway. It subsequently encountered a snowbank less than 3 ft in height adjacent to the runway threshold. The landing gear collapsed, and the airplane skidded down the runway before coming to rest about 1,000 ft. from the approach threshold. The pilot reported that he “misjudged the end of the runway” after executing a GPS approach and the airplane impacted a snowbank at the end of the runway. There were no malfunctions associated with the airplane before the accident. He noted that maintaining the glideslope guidance provided by the precision approach path indicator might have prevented the accident. Additionally, cancelling his instrument flight plan while still on the approach “proved distracting.” He added that the airframe accumulated about 1/2 inch of ice during the descent and approach in instrument meteorological conditions, but that the airplane was “flying well.” The pilot obtained a preflight weather briefing before the accident flight. He was advised of the airman’s meteorological information (AIRMET) advisories in effect for icing and instrument conditions. Multiple pilot reports (PIREPS) for in-flight airframe icing were received by air traffic control, along with one negative icing report. The airplane was not certificated for flight into icing conditions.

Aircraft

Registration
N35718
Reported as
Piper PA-32R-301
Category
Airplane
Serial number
32R-8013032
Built
1979
Airframe hours
5,293
Engine
Lycoming IO-540-K1G5D, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · November 4, 2020
Departed
I23 · Washington Court House, OH
Destination
Same as departure
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
8D4 · Paul C Miller, runway 25, 4,032 × 75 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Auto-pilot, Angle of attack indicator, ADS-B, Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
65
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Last flight review
July 4, 2020
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
1,546 total · 1,335 in this make and model · 1,546 as pilot in command

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Night
Wind
190° at 7 knots
Visibility
4 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
900 ft overcast
Temperature
30 °F, dew point 27 °F
Altimeter
30.01 inHg
Icing
Rime
Observed at
KGRR, 16 nm away
METAR
KGRR 122242Z 19009KT 6SM BR OVC011 M01/M03 A3001 RMK AO2 T10061028

Docket · 23

The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 13, 2022, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 102 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.