- Date
- January 12, 2021, 16:58 local (21:58 UTC)
- Place
- Sparta, MI
- Injuries
- 2 uninjured
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Phase of flight
- Approach
- Aircraft
- N35718Piper PA-32R-301
- Defining event
- Approach-VFR pattern final: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
- Weather
- Instrument (IMC) · Night
- Status
- Completed
- Report
- Approved by Office Director
- Investigation class
- Class 3
- NTSB office
- Central Region
- Parties
- FAA
- FAA report
- 20210112000229A
- Case key
- 102521
From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.
On this page
Probable cause
The pilot’s failure to maintain the proper glideslope during final approach, which resulted in contact with a snowbank at the approach end of the runway.
Findings · 2
NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.
Sequence of events
The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.
Analysis
The airplane touched down short of the runway and encountered a snowbank adjacent to the approach threshold. The landing gear collapsed, and the airplane skidded along the runway before coming to rest. The pilot reported that he “misjudged the end of the runway” during landing after executing a GPS approach. There were no malfunctions associated with the airplane before the accident. He noted that maintaining the glideslope guidance provided by the precision approach path indicator would have prevented the accident. Additionally, canceling his instrument flight plan while on the approach “proved distracting.” The snowbank was less than 3-ft high and would not have been an issue had the pilot maintained the proper approach glideslope. Although the airframe accumulated about 1/2 inch of ice during the descent and approach, there is no evidence that it contributed to the accident.
Factual narrative
On January 12, 2021, at 1658 eastern standard time, a Piper PA-32R-301, N35718, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident at Paul C. Miller Airport (8D4), Sparta, Michigan. The pilot and passenger were not injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. According to a Federal Aviation Administration inspector, main landing gear tire tracks in the snow cover indicated that the airplane touched down about 18 ft short of the runway. It subsequently encountered a snowbank less than 3 ft in height adjacent to the runway threshold. The landing gear collapsed, and the airplane skidded down the runway before coming to rest about 1,000 ft. from the approach threshold. The pilot reported that he “misjudged the end of the runway” after executing a GPS approach and the airplane impacted a snowbank at the end of the runway. There were no malfunctions associated with the airplane before the accident. He noted that maintaining the glideslope guidance provided by the precision approach path indicator might have prevented the accident. Additionally, cancelling his instrument flight plan while still on the approach “proved distracting.” He added that the airframe accumulated about 1/2 inch of ice during the descent and approach in instrument meteorological conditions, but that the airplane was “flying well.” The pilot obtained a preflight weather briefing before the accident flight. He was advised of the airman’s meteorological information (AIRMET) advisories in effect for icing and instrument conditions. Multiple pilot reports (PIREPS) for in-flight airframe icing were received by air traffic control, along with one negative icing report. The airplane was not certificated for flight into icing conditions.
Aircraft
- Registration
- N35718
- Reported as
- Piper PA-32R-301
- Category
- Airplane
- Serial number
- 32R-8013032
- Built
- 1979
- Airframe hours
- 5,293
- Engine
- Lycoming IO-540-K1G5D, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Personal · Part 91
- Airworthiness certificate
- Standard, Normal
- Last inspection
- Annual · November 4, 2020
- Departed
- I23 · Washington Court House, OH
- Destination
- Same as departure
- Flight plan
- IFR
- Airport
- 8D4 · Paul C Miller, runway 25, 4,032 × 75 ft, asphalt
- Equipment
- Auto-pilot, Angle of attack indicator, ADS-B, Stall warning system
Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.
Flight crew
As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.
- Role
- Pilot
- Age
- 65
- Injuries
- None
- Certificate
- Private
- Airplane ratings
- Single-engine land
- Instrument ratings
- Airplane
- Last flight review
- July 4, 2020
- Seat
- Left
- Restraint
- 3-point
- Flight hours
- 1,546 total · 1,335 in this make and model · 1,546 as pilot in command
Weather
- Conditions
- Instrument (IMC) · Night
- Wind
- 190° at 7 knots
- Visibility
- 4 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling
- 900 ft overcast
- Temperature
- 30 °F, dew point 27 °F
- Altimeter
- 30.01 inHg
- Icing
- Rime
- Observed at
- KGRR, 16 nm away
- METAR
- KGRR 122242Z 19009KT 6SM BR OVC011 M01/M03 A3001 RMK AO2 T10061028
Docket · 23
The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 13, 2022, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 102 MB in all.
FAA reports on this event · 1
The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.