CEN21LA471

NTSB accident investigation · Just Highlander · West Cobb, AR · September 29, 2021

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal report
Date
September 29, 2021, 14:00 local (19:00 UTC)
Place
West Cobb, AR · 51AR - Byrd's Adventure Center
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N419SDJust Highlander
Defining event
Approach-VFR pattern final: Windshear or thunderstorm
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA Little Rock FSDO
FAA report
20210929016849A
Case key
104045

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The airplane’s encounter with gusting wind conditions and low-level wind shear on final approach, which resulted in a loss of control, an aerodynamic stall, and a subsequent hard landing.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotJust HIGHLANDER: 3 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: descent/approach/glide pathAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Attain/maintain not possibleJust HIGHLANDER: 1 caseAll aircraft: 809 casesProbable cause
Wind: gustsEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on equipmentJust HIGHLANDER: 2 casesAll aircraft: 1,199 casesProbable cause
Wind: windshearEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on equipmentJust HIGHLANDER: 1 caseAll aircraft: 90 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported he departed from the airport to practice a short takeoff and landing (commonly known as “STOL”) race circuit in preparation for a race that was going to occur at the airport. As the pilot was on approach for landing, he noticed the wind speed had increased while he was turning base to final at 60 ft agl. The pilot had a 16-mph buffer above the airplane’s aerodynamic stall speed, with two notches of flaps applied, and a 15° bank turn. The airplane was then “hit by a gust” that elevated the right wing to about 30° of bank. The pilot attempted to correct the high bank angle with no success. He reported “all of my lift disappeared,” and the airplane became uncontrollable at about 55 ft agl. The pilot concluded that a “large tail wind shear” aerodynamically stalled the airplane, and he was unable to recover at the low altitude with the various obstacles and structures present on the STOL race circuit course. The airplane “pancaked” and came to rest upright in a field, next to a fence line. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage and both wings. The pilot reported there were no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airframe and engine that would have precluded normal operation. A review of meteorological data showed that gusting wind conditions and low-level wind shear were likely present in the area at the time of the accident.

Aircraft

Registration
N419SD
Reported as
Just Highlander (NO SERIES)
Category
Airplane, amateur-built
Serial number
JAESC0129
Built
2008
Airframe hours
1,247
Engine
Rotax 912 ULS, 100 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Experimental (Special)
Last inspection
Condition · August 11, 2021
Airport
51AR · Byrd'S Backcountry Airstrip, runway 07/25, 2,500 × 30 ft, grass/turf
Equipment
Electronic primary flight display, Electronic multifunction display, Angle of attack indicator, ADS-B, Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
47
Injuries
Serious
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
September 14, 2021
Seat
Left
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
13,500 total · 400 in this make and model · 4,900 as pilot in command · 140 in the last 90 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
200° at 7 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
4,400 ft broken
Temperature
84 °F, dew point 64 °F
Altimeter
29.92 inHg
Observed at
KFYV, 29 nm away
METAR
KFYV 291853Z 20007KT 170V240 10SM BKN044 29/18 A2992 RMK AO2 SLP117 T02890178

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 18, 2022, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 11.3 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.