CEN24LA189

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28-180 · Hot Springs, AR · May 15, 2024

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
May 15, 2024, 14:50 local (19:50 UTC)
Place
Hot Springs, AR
Injuries
1 serious, 1 minor
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N6571JPiper PA-28-180
Defining event
Approach: Fuel starvation
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
Piper Aircraft Inc., Lycoming Engines, Federal Aviation Administration, Little Rock FSDO
FAA report
20240515014239A
Case key
194267

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The student pilot’s selection of an improper fuel tank selector position, which resulted in fuel starvation and a total loss of engine power. Contributing to the accident was the instructor’s inadequate oversight.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Not specifiedPiper PA-28-180: 32 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Fuel system: fuel selector/shutoff valveAircraft › Aircraft systems · Incorrect use/operationPiper PA-28-180: 6 casesAll aircraft: 176 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: use of equip/systemPersonnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilotPiper PA-28-180: 16 casesAll aircraft: 1,391 casesProbable cause
Personnel issuesPersonnel issues › Task performance · Instructor/check pilotPiper PA-28-180: 2 casesAll aircraft: 137 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The instructional flight was returning to the departure airport for landing when the student pilot changed the fuel tank selector position in preparation for landing. While flying the approach, the flight instructor told the student pilot to add engine power; however, the engine exhibited a total loss of engine power. The flight instructor took over the flight controls, and the airplane impacted a vacant area in a residential neighborhood. The airplane was destroyed by impact forces and postcrash fire. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed that the fuel selector valve did not intersect the valve body port positions. With the fuel selector valve between port positions, fuel cannot flow downstream to the engine. There were no other preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Factual narrative

On May 15, 2024, at 1450 central daylight time, a Piper PA-28-180, N6571J, was destroyed when it was involved in an accident near Hot Springs, Arkansas. The flight instructor sustained serious injuries, and the student pilot sustained minor injuries. The airplane was operated under Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations as a Part 91 instructional flight. The flight instructor and student pilot had completed flight maneuvers as part of the instructional flight before returning from the practice area to the departure airport for a visual approach and landing. The flight instructor said that the student pilot made a fuel tank selection change while they performed the descent checklist. The student pilot was flying the approach when the flight instructor told the student pilot to add engine power, but the engine exhibited a total loss of engine power. The flight instructor took over the flight controls, and the airplane impacted a vacant area in a residential neighborhood. The airplane was destroyed by impact forces and postcrash fire. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed that the fuel selector valve did not intersect any of the valve body ports. With the fuel selector valve between port positions, fuel was unable to flow downstream to the engine. There were no other preacccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Aircraft

Registration
N6571J
Reported as
Piper PA-28-180
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-5024
Built
1968
Airframe hours
3,859.8
Engine
Lycoming O-360-A4A, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Destroyed
Fire
On-Ground
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Operator
Lord Aviation
Registered owner
Lima Alpha
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Utility
Last inspection
Annual · March 20, 2024
Destination
Same as departure
Airport
HOT · Memorial Field Airport, runway 23, 6,595 × 150 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Stall warning system, Auto-pilot

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
42
Injuries
Serious
Certificates
Flight instructor, Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1
Last flight review
November 7, 2022
Seat
Right
Flight hours
698 total
Role
Student pilot
Age
19
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Student
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Seat
Left
Flight hours
18 total

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Variable at 3 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
84 °F, dew point 57 °F
Altimeter
29.84 inHg
Observed at
HOT, 0.71 nm away

Docket · 7

The files NTSB released with the investigation on February 20, 2025, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 56.3 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.