CEN25LA060

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-31-350 · Victoria, TX · December 11, 2024

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal report
Date
December 11, 2024, 15:00 local (21:00 UTC)
Place
Victoria, TX
Injuries
1 serious, 4 minor; on the ground: 1 serious, 3 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N818BRPiper PA-31-350
Defining event
Approach: Fuel exhaustion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20241211020339A
Case key
199415

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot’s inadequate preflight planning and preflight inspection, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Planning/preparation: fuel planningPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotPiper PA-31-350: 7 casesAll aircraft: 719 casesProbable cause
Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid levelPiper PA-31-350: 7 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Inspection: preflight inspectionPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotPiper PA-31-350: 2 casesAll aircraft: 551 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that before the flight the airplane was fueled with 142.4 gallons of 100 low-lead fuel and that the fuel tanks contained 236 total gallons of fuel before takeoff. The local aerial survey flight was flown at 16,500 ft mean sea level (msl) and lasted about 5 hours. At the end of the survey mission and about 10 miles from the destination airport, the pilot noticed low fuel indications, then both engines experienced a total loss of power. The pilot made a right 90° turn away from the airport and selected a service road for a forced landing. During the landing roll the airplane collided with three vehicles on the road. The airplane also collided with a metal traffic light pole, which resulted in a separation of the right wing and aft fuselage. After the accident the pilot stated that the loss of engine power was due to fuel exhaustion. During the airplane wreckage recovery, about 3 gallons of fuel were drained from the left wing tanks and the right wing tanks were empty. The pilot also stated that he did not complete a detailed fuel burn calculation or a weight and balance calculation for the flight. It is likely that the airplane did not contain 236 gallons of fuel before takeoff, and the pilot was unaware of the actual fuel onboard due to inadequate preflight planning and preflight inspection.

Aircraft

Registration
N818BR
Reported as
Piper PA-31-350
Category
Airplane
Serial number
318152102
Built
1981
Airframe hours
20,886.3
Engines
Lycoming LTIO-540-J2B, 350 horsepower, reciprocatingLycoming TIO-540-J2B, 350 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Aerial observation · Part 91
Registered owner
Marc Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 24, 2024
Departed
VCT · Victoria, TX
Airport
VCT · Victoria Rgnl
Equipment
Auto-pilot, ADS-B, Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
71
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
September 14, 2023
Seat
Front
Restraint
Lap only
Flight hours
7,034 total · 3,000 in this make and model · 6,769 as pilot in command · 35 in the last 90 days · 7 in the last 30 days · 7 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
340° at 6 knots, gusting 15
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
64 °F, dew point 19 °F
Altimeter
30.39 inHg
Observed at
KVCT, 2 nm away
METAR
METAR KVCT 112051Z 34006G15KT 10SM CLR 18/M07 A3039 RMK AO2 SLP289 T01831072 56029=

Docket · 9

The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 21, 2025, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 9.9 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.