CHI00LA002

NTSB accident investigation · Enstrom EN-28 · Indianapolis, IN · October 2, 1999

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
October 2, 1999, 10:40 local (15:40 UTC)
Place
Indianapolis, IN
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N602HEnstrom EN-28
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report January 18, 2001
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19991002032089A
Case key
47543

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's attempted operation of the helicopter with known deficiencies, and his improper autorotation to landing. Factors were one fouled spark plug and another partially failed spark plug in the same cylinder, and the construction area.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine powerTakeoff - initial climb
Ignition system,spark plug - fouledFactor
Operation with known deficiencies in equipment - attemptedPilot in commandCause
Ignition system,spark plug - failure,partialFactor
Forced landingEmergency descent/landing
Hard landingEmergency landing
Terrain condition - construction areaFactor
Autorotation - improperPilot in commandCause

Analysis

The pilot said that prior to initiating the flight he conducted a 'run-up.' He said, during the magneto check the engine ran rough and exceeded the normal magneto drop. He said he continued to run the engine at high RPM and leaned the fuel mixture for a minute. He said he then conducted another 'run-up' and the magneto drop was within specified limits.. He stated that during the initial climb the engine began to 'pop' and the rotor RPM was dropping. He said he elected to attempt a turn to the heliport; however, due to the continued loss of power he elected to conduct an autorotational landing in a gravel construction area. During the autorotational landing the helicopter landed hard and received substantial damage. Subsequent to the accident an examination of the helicopter and engine was conducted. The magneto and harness were examined and no discrepancies were found. All the spark plugs were removed and examined. The bottom spark plug from the #2 cylinder was oil fouled and did not test fire. The top spark plug from the same cylinder (#2) fired with a weak and intermittent spark. All the other spark plugs test fired. No additional anomalies were found in the helicopter or engine.

Factual narrative

On October 2, 1999, at 1040 eastern standard time, an Enstrom EN-28, N602H, sustained substantial damage during an autorotational landing in a construction area, near the Downtown Indianapolis Heliport, in Indianapolis Indiana, following a partial loss of engine power. The pilot and one passenger reported minor injuries. The personal 14 CFR Part 91 flight was operating in visual meteorological conditions. No flight plan was on file. The flight was originating at the time of the accident.

The pilot said that prior to initiating the flight he conducted a "run-up." He said, during the magneto check the engine ran rough and exceeded the normal magneto drop. He said he continued to run the engine at high RPM and leaned the fuel mixture for a minute. He said he then conducted another "run-up" and the magneto drop was within specified limits.. He stated that during the initial climb the engine began to "pop" and the rotor RPM was dropping. He said he elected to attempt a turn to the heliport; however, due to the continued loss of power he elected to conduct an autorotational landing in a gravel construction area. During the autorotational landing the helicopter landed hard and received substantial damage.

Subsequent to the accident an examination of the helicopter and engine was conducted. The flight and engine controls were found to work correctly and have continuity. Both magnetos and harnesses were examined and no discrepancies were found. All the spark plugs were removed and examined. The bottom spark plug from the #2 cylinder was oil fouled and did not test fire. The top spark plug from the same cylinder (#2) fired with a weak and intermittent spark. All the other spark plugs test fired. No additional anomalies were found in the helicopter or engine.

Aircraft

Registration
N602H
Reported as
Enstrom EN-28
Category
Helicopter
Serial number
1077
Airframe hours
3,272
Engine
Lycoming HIO-360-E1BD, 205 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Hawk, Robert H.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · March 29, 1999 · 59 hours before
Departed
IN03 · IN

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
62
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Right
Flight hours
4,758 total · 147 in this make and model · 4,758 as pilot in command · 87 in the last 90 days · 23 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
210° at 10 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
64 °F, dew point 45 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
IND, 7 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.