CHI01LA144

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 152 · Roscommon, MI · May 20, 2001

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
May 20, 2001, 12:10 local (16:10 UTC)
Place
Roscommon, MI
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N45943Cessna 152
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report October 9, 2001
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
FAA - Grand Rapids FSDO
FAA report
20010520010789A
Case key
52426

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The failure of the pilot to maintain clearance from the tree line. Factors to the accident were the tailwind, the aircraft being near gross weight, the high density altitude, the rough runway condition, and the tree line. An additional factor to the accident was the failure of the pilot to calculate takeoff performance data prior to the takeoff.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

OverrunTakeoff - aborted
Aircraft weight and balance - highFactor
Weather condition - tailwindFactor
Performance data - not calculatedPilot in commandFactor
Weather condition - high density altitudeFactor
Airport facilities,runway/landing area condition - rough/unevenFactor
On ground/water collision with objectLanding - roll
Object - tree(s)Factor
Clearance - not maintainedPilot in commandCause

Analysis

The pilot was demonstrating a short-field takeoff to his passenger at the time of the accident. The pilot stated that the aircraft did not accelerate normally after rotation and at 50-feet above ground level it became obvious that the aircraft would not clear a tree line off the end of the runway. The pilot elected to land the airplane on the remaining runway, was unable to stop the aircraft prior to the tree line, and collided with the trees. The pilot reported, "The takeoff roll was longer than normal (maybe 200 ft.) which I attributed to our heavy loading (approx. 25 lbs. under max. gross), the rough surface, and perhaps some to the 2220ft. density altitude HTL [Roscommon County Airport] AWOS [Automated Weather Observing System] was reporting." The pilot stated, "I went to Vx [best angle-of-climb airspeed] but we were covering a lot of ground and making very little altitude. I checked the tach which showed 2350-2400 rpm which should have been enough to climb. At about 50ft. agl [above ground level] with 70ft. trees ahead, It became obvious we would not clear them. I did not want to go into the trees airborne, I decided to risk the airplane rather than risk serious injury or worse." The pilot reported, "I closed the throttle and lowered the nose steeply - - flairing [flaring] at the last second, contacting the ground 130ft. from the tree line. The pilot stated, "...consulted the aircraft P.O.H [pilot operating handbook] on down-wind take-off performance. Reconstructing the conditions of our situation that day, and figuring an 8kt. tail-wind, the numbers on the performance chart mirrored the performance we experienced." The pilot reported, "I am certain that we experienced a drastic unexpected wind shift which gave us a tail-wind component."

Factual narrative

On May 20, 2001, at 1210 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 152, N45943, piloted by a commercial pilot, sustained substantial damage during an on-ground collision with trees following an aborted takeoff from runway 18 ( 2,475 feet by 100 feet, dry/grass ) at the Roscommon Conservation Airport, Roscommon, Michigan. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The personal flight was operating under the provisions of 14 CFR Part 91 and was not on a flight plan. The pilot and his passenger reported no injuries. The local flight was departing at the time of the accident.

According to the pilot's written statement, he was demonstrating a short field takeoff technique to his pilot-rated passenger at the time of the accident. The pilot reported, "The takeoff roll was longer than normal (maybe 200 ft.) which I attributed to our heavy loading (approx. 25 lbs. under max. gross), the rough surface, and perhaps some to the 2220ft. density altitude HTL [Roscommon County Airport] AWOS [Automated Weather Observing System] was reporting."

The pilot stated, "We lifted off prior to reaching the intersection of runway 9/27 which I have always used as my go/no go point. After lift-off I checked the airspeed to get the desired obstacle clearance airspeed (54kts.) I immediately sense a lack of acceleration and climb performance so I held lift-off attitude. Still not getting any acceleration, I lowered the nose slightly. The stall warner [stall horn] stopped beeping and we settled from about 30ft. to about 20ft. Suspecting we had encountered a wind lull as we had on our previous take-off, I thought we would start climbing normally any second."

The pilot reported, "I went to Vx [best angle-of-climb airspeed] but we were covering a lot of ground and making very little altitude. I checked the tach which showed 2350-2400 rpm which should have been enough to climb. At about 50ft. agl [above ground level] with 70ft. trees ahead, It became obvious we would not clear them. I did not want to go into the trees airborne, I decided to risk the airplane rather than risk serious injury or worse."

The pilot stated, "I closed the throttle and lowered the nose steeply - - flairing [flaring] at the last second, contacting the ground 130ft. from the tree line. I was unable to stop short of contacting the trees."

The pilot reported, "...consulted the aircraft P.O.H [pilot operating handbook] on down-wind take-off performance. Reconstructing the conditions of our situation that day, and figuring an 8kt. tail-wind, the numbers on the performance chart mirrored the performance we experienced."

The pilot stated, "I am certain that we experienced a drastic unexpected wind shift which gave us a tail-wind component."

Aircraft

Registration
N45943
Reported as
Cessna 152
Category
Airplane
Serial number
15282953
Airframe hours
5,998.3
Engine
Lycoming O-235-L2C, 110 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 11, 2000 · 10.4 hours before
Departed
3RC · Roscommon, MI
Destination
3RC · Roscommon, MI
Airport
3RC · Roscommon Conservation, runway 18, 2,475 × 100 ft, grass/turf

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
66
Injuries
None
Certificates
Flight engineer, Commercial, Military
Airplane ratings
Single-engine sea, Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane, Helicopter
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
August 21, 1999
Seat
Left
Flight hours
17,821 total · 4 in this make and model · 17,012 as pilot in command · 9 in the last 90 days · 5 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
140° at 6 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
72 °F, dew point 45 °F
Altimeter
29.92 inHg
Observed at
HTL, 8 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.