CHI05CA060

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172RG · Berrien Springs, MI · February 1, 2005

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
February 1, 2005, 08:50 local (13:50 UTC)
Place
Berrien Springs, MI
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N9515BCessna 172RG
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report March 30, 2005
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
South Bend, IN FSDO
FAA report
20050201034409A
Case key
60983

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot not maintaining airspeed leading to an excessive sink rate during a simulated emergency landing after takeoff. An additional cause was the certified flight instructor's inadequate supervision.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Hard landingLanding
Emergency procedure - simulatedPilot in command
Airspeed - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Descent - excessivePilot in commandCause
Supervision - inadequatePilot in command(cfi)Cause

Analysis

The airplane, piloted by a private pilot receiving instruction from a certified flight instructor (CFI), sustained substantial damage during a hard landing following a simulated loss of engine power during takeoff and subsequent emergency landing after takeoff. The pilot's accident report stated, "On climb out, the air speed was held between 63 and 65 knots (Vy). To simulate an engine failure, the CFI reduced the throttle. Immediately upon noticing the loss of power, I lowered the nose of the aircraft to avoid loss of airspeed and to avoid a wing stall. While maintaining control of the aircraft, altitude was lost. An attempt was made to flare the aircraft before contact with the runway. Subsequently, a hard landing was made, and the aircraft came to a complete stop on the runway." The CFI's accident report stated, "We then made a short field takeoff and during the takeoff I simulated an engine failure. We immediately pushed the nose over but with insufficient airspeed we developed a high sink rate and made a hard landing." The CFI stated that there were no mechanical malfunctions associated with the airplane during the flight. The wind was calm.

Factual narrative

On February 1, 2004, about 0850 eastern standard time, a Cessna 172RG, N9515B, piloted by a private pilot receiving instruction from a certified flight instructor (CFI), sustained substantial damage during a hard landing on runway 13 at Andrews University Airpark, near Berrien Springs, Michigan, following a simulated loss of engine power during takeoff and subsequent emergency landing after takeoff. The instructional flight was operating under 14 CFR Part 91. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. No flight plan was on file. The pilot and CFI reported no injuries. The local flight was originating at the time of the accident.

The pilot's accident report stated:

At approximately 0830 after pre-flighting Cessna 172 RG

N9515B, I was instructed by [the] CFI, to perform a

short field take off on runway 13. I taxied onto the

runway, aligned the aircraft with the center line and

stopped. I applied the brakes and full power in the

usual fashion. The brakes were released, and as

airspeed increased with our ground roll, I rotated the

aircraft at 60 knots indicated air speed. On climb out,

the air speed was held between 63 and 65 knots (Vy). To

simulate an engine failure, the CFI reduced the throttle.

Immediately upon noticing the loss of power, I lowered

the nose of the aircraft to avoid loss of airspeed and to

avoid a wing stall. While maintaining control of the

aircraft, altitude was lost. An attempt was made to

flare the aircraft before contact with the runway.

Subsequently, a hard landing was made, and the aircraft

came to a complete stop on the runway.

The CFI's accident report stated:

We had a normal startup and taxi out. We proceeded to the

end of runway 13 and the runup was normal. We then made a

short field takeoff and during the takeoff I simulated an

engine failure. We immediately pushed the nose over but

with insufficient airspeed we developed a high sink rate

and made a hard landing.

The CFI stated that there were no mechanical malfunctions associated with the airplane during the flight.

At 0853, the recorded weather at the Southwest Michigan Regional Airport, near Benton Harbor, Michigan, was: Wind calm; visibility 4 statute miles; present weather mist; sky condition overcast 6,500 feet; temperature -5 degrees C; dew point -7 degrees C; altimeter 30.46 inches of mercury.

Aircraft

Registration
N9515B
Reported as
Cessna 172RG
Category
Airplane
Serial number
172RG0846
Airframe hours
6,026.7
Engine
Lycoming O-360-F1A6, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Registered owner
Andrews University
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · November 17, 2004 · 63.4 hours before
Departed
C20 · Berrien Springs, MI
Destination
C20

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Flight instructor
Age
49
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
May 28, 2004
Seat
Left
Flight hours
4,260 total · 255 in this make and model · 4,074 as pilot in command · 64 in the last 90 days · 14 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours
Role
Pilot
Injuries
None

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
4 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
6,500 ft broken
Temperature
23 °F, dew point 19 °F
Altimeter
30.45 inHg
Observed at
BEH, 11 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.