CHI94DEV02

NTSB accident investigation · Thomas E. Georges Z-MAX · Palmyra, IL · September 25, 1994

Accident · Serious injuriesFinal report
Date
September 25, 1994, 13:37 local (18:37 UTC)
Place
Palmyra, IL
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N4592MThomas E. Georges Z-MAX
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report May 9, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
Case key
9353

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The NTSB’s determination of the probable cause, and any contributing factors.

The pilots's inadvertently stalled the airplane while maneuvering to land. Factors were the loss of engine power due to carburetor ice, carburetor icing conditions, and the unavailability of carburetor heat.

Analysis

The pilot reported that shortly after takeoff, while climbing through an altitude of approximately 150 feet, the engine lost power. He attempted to turn to pick a landing site. The airplane stalled, lost altitude, and impacted the terrain. The temperature was 56 degrees and the dew point was 55 degrees. Carburetor heating was not installed on the airplane. Examination of the wreckage disclosed no evidence of preimpact malfunction.

Factual narrative

History of flight

On September 25, 1994, at 1337 central daylight time, an experimental Thomas E. Georges Z-Max, N4592M, operated by a private pilot on a pleasure flight, collided with terrain shortly after takeoff near Palmyra, Illinois. The airplane was destroyed and the pilot sustained serious injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the 14 CFR Part 91 flight and no flight plan was filed.

The pilot reported that shortly after takeoff, while climbing through an altitude of approximately 150 feet, the engine lost power. He attempted to turn to pick a landing site. The airplane stalled and lost altitude.

Meteorological information

Visual meteorological conditions existed at the time of the accident. The temperature was 56 degrees and the dew point was 55 degrees. The carburetor icing probability chart contained in DOT/FAA/CT-82/44 specifies the potential for "serious icing at cruise power" under these conditions.

Wreckage and impact information

Examination of the wreckage disclosed no evidence of preimpact malfunction. The left wing was shattered. The engine and firewall were torn from the fuselage. The fuselage center section was severely damaged.

The fuel tanks contained fuel. Fuel was found in the fuel lines, filter, and carburetor. The ground wire for the ignition unit was burned resulting in a "hot mag" condition. The ignition unit was examined and functioned normally during an operational test. Carburetor heating was not installed on the airplane. All engine and flight controls were intact.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanicalTakeoff - initial climb
Weather condition - carburetor icing conditionsFactor
Fuel system,carburetor - iceFactor
Carburetor heat - unavailableManufacturerFactor
Forced landingEmergency landing after takeoff
Loss of control - in flightEmergency landing after takeoff
Stall - inadvertentPilot in commandCause
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - uncontrolled

Aircraft

Registration
N4592M
Reported as
Thomas E. Georges Z-MAX
Category
Airplane, amateur-built
Serial number
459
Airframe hours
67
Engine
Zenoah G50, 45 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Destroyed
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Thomas E. Georges
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Experimental (Special)
Last inspection
Annual · June 3, 1994 · 67 hours before
Destination
Edinburg, IL
Airport
5K1 · Zelmer Memorial Airpark, runway 36, 2,900 × 32 ft, concrete

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
43
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Unknown
Seat
Front
Flight hours
116 total · 116 as pilot in command · 46 in the last 90 days · 7 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
270° at 5 knots
Visibility
5 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
2,700 ft broken
Temperature
55 °F, dew point 55 °F
Altimeter
29.00 inHg
Observed at
ALN, 18 nm away