CHI95LA085

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-23 · Benton Harbor, MI · February 7, 1995

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
February 7, 1995, 15:20 local (20:20 UTC)
Place
Benton Harbor, MI
Injuries
3 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N2092PPiper PA-23
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report June 19, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19950207001269A
Case key
9835

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

the pilot's improper use of carburetor heat. Factors were carburetor icing conditions, snow, and blowing snow.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(partial) - nonmechanicalCruise
Weather condition - carburetor icing conditionsFactor
Fuel system,carburetor - ice
Carburetor heat - improper use ofPilot in commandCause
Forced landingEmergency descent/landing
In flight collision with objectEmergency descent/landing
Weather condition - snowFactor
Object - wire,transmission
Object - tree(s)

Analysis

While in cruise flight at 7,000 mean sea level, the airplane suffered a partial power loss to the right engine, which continued until the pilot shut down that engine. The pilot tried mixtures forward (rich), boost pumps on, and fuel back on main tanks. When he tried carburetor heat, it resulted in a loss of 300 RPM, which he considered normal, and he turned it off after 30 to 45 seconds. The pilot attempted to conduct an ILS approach in IMC conditions, but the left engine began to lose power. The pilot then initiated a forced landing attempt. He stated that the airplane broke out of the overcast about 600 to 900 feet above ground level in snow and blowing snow restricting visibility, prior to impact with wires and a tree, during the landing. The accident site was about five miles east of the airport. Subsequent examination revealed no preexisting anomalies.

Factual narrative

On February 7, 1995, at 1520 eastern standard time, a Piper PA- 23, N2092P, registered to Ronald A. Hoffmeyer of Hampshire, Illinois, and operated by an instrument rated commercial pilot, suffered a partial loss of power on one engine while in cruise flight. While attempting an ILS approach to a precautionary landing at Benton Harbor, Michigan, a power loss on the remaining engine occurred. The airplane impacted wires, trees, and the terrain approximately five miles short of runway 27 at Benton Harbor, Michigan. The airplane received substantial damage. The pilot and two passengers reported no injuries. The personal 14 CFR Part 91 flight was operating on an IFR flight plan in instrument meteorological conditions. The flight had departed Waukegan, Illinois, at 1330 central standard time, with the intended destination of Plymouth, Michigan.

The pilot stated that the right engine began "missing" and lost power gradually. He stated that he tried mixtures forward (rich), boost pumps on, and fuel back on mains. When he applied carburetor heat, he observed a loss of 300 rpm, which he considered normal and turned it off after 30 to 45 seconds.

When the first engine began to lose power, the airplane was on "top" of an overcast, according to the pilot, but after losing power the airplane descended into the clouds (visible moisture). While in the clouds, he elected to shut down the right engine due to the continued roughness. After the right engine was shut down and during the descent the left engine began to lose power which continued. The pilot decided that continued flight to the airport was not possible and he elected to make an off airport emergency landing. The pilot stated that the airplane "broke out" between 600 and 900 feet above ground level with snow and blowing snow restricting visibility.

An examination of the engines and airframe subsequent to the accident failed to reveal any pre-existing anomalies.

Temperature and dew point for Benton Harbor, Michigan, were 21 degrees (F), and 13 degrees (F) respectively.

Aircraft

Registration
N2092P
Reported as
Piper PA-23
Category
Airplane
Serial number
23-680
Airframe hours
4,649
Engine
Lycoming O-320-A1A, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Hoffmeyer, Ronald A.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · October 15, 1995 · 83 hours before
Departed
UGN · Waukegan, IL
Destination
1D2 · Plymouth, MI
Flight plan
IFR

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
24
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Single-engine sea, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
2,000 total · 267 in this make and model · 1,869 as pilot in command · 64 in the last 90 days · 11 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Day
Wind
360° at 10 knots, gusting 20
Visibility
1 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
1,200 ft overcast
Temperature
21 °F, dew point 12 °F
Altimeter
29.00 inHg
Observed at
BEH, 5 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.