CHI95LA332

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-24-250 · Ludington, MI · September 25, 1995

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
September 24, 1995, 20:19 local (Sep 25, 1995, 00:19 UTC)
Place
Ludington, MI
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N6725PPiper PA-24-250
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night/bright
Status
Completed · report December 19, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19950925030099A
Case key
10040

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

fuel exhaustion resulting from the pilot's inaccurate fuel calculations and the failure to refuel the airplane prior to takeoff. An additional cause was the stall/mush during the forced landing.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanicalCruise
Fluid,fuel - exhaustionCause
Refueling - not performedPilot in commandCause
Fuel consumption calculations - inaccuratePilot in commandCause
Forced landingEmergency descent/landing
Loss of control - in flightEmergency descent/landing
Airspeed - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Stall/mush - inadvertentPilot in commandCause
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - uncontrolled

Analysis

The pilot reported that he 'ran out of fuel,' approximately six miles from his destination airport. He 'turned the airplane into the wind' and attempted a forced landing in a plowed field. The pilot said that he had taken off knowing that he was 'probably stretching his fuel to reach his planned destination.' The pilot did not refuel the airplane prior to takeoff. Examination of the wreckage showed evidence indicative of a hard flat impact. There was no evidence of fuel at the accident site. Examination of the fuel system showed no evidence of fuel prior to impact.

Factual narrative

On September 24, 1995, at 2019 eastern daylight time (edt), a Piper PA-24-250, N6725P, piloted by a private pilot, sustained substantial damage during a forced landing to a plowed field. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The flight was operated under 14 CFR Part 91. A flight plan was not on file. The pilot sustained serious injuries. The flight departed Rochester, New York, at 1745 edt, and was en route to Ludington, Michigan.

The pilot reported that he was approximately six miles from his destination airport at 2200 feet mean sea level when he "ran out of fuel." He turned on the fuel pump and switched tanks with no success. The pilot stated that he then "turned the airplane into the wind and looked for a place to put the airplane down." He selected a plowed field to do a forced landing in, but had to clear trees in front of him to reach it. The pilot stated that he was knocked unconscious at impact. In a subsequent telephone conversation with the pilot, he said that he had taken off knowing that he was "probably stretching his fuel to reach his planned destination," but felt that he could "get fuel somewhere en route."

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector who examined the wreckage stated that the airplane "impacted in soft dirt and slid approximately 50 feet before coming to rest." The right main gear strut was found driven up through the right wing skin. The left main gear was bent outward and the nose gear was found separated from the rest of the airplane wreckage. The cowling and forward fuselage were bent underneath. Examination of the propeller showed one blade undamaged and the other blade bent aft. There were severe wrinkles observed throughout the skin of the airplane. The cabin was found intact, but the seats, control panel and luggage had been jarred loose. Examination of the flight controls showed no evidence of preimpact damage. There was no evidence of fuel at the accident site. Examination of the fuel system indicated no sign of fuel in the system prior to impact.

Aircraft

Registration
N6725P
Reported as
Piper PA-24-250
Category
Airplane
Serial number
24-1852
Airframe hours
2,187
Engine
Lycoming O-540-A1D5, 250 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
David R. Kiefer
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · January 1, 1995 · 75 hours before
Departed
ROC · Rochester, NY
Destination
LDM

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
49
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
420 total · 56 in this make and model · 341 as pilot in command · 31 in the last 90 days · 11 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night/bright
Wind
Calm
Visibility
15 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
46 °F, dew point 39 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
MBL, 20 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.