DCA15CA117

NTSB accident investigation · Titan Aerospace Holdings Solara 50 · Otto, NM · May 1, 2015

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
May 1, 2015, 11:07 local (17:07 UTC)
Place
Otto, NM
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N950TATitan Aerospace Holdings Solara 50
Defining event
Initial climb: Aircraft structural failure
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report November 19, 2015
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Major Investigations Division
FAA report
20150501023959A
Case key
91125

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

structural failure of the left wing due to an overspeed condition.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

TurbulenceEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Ability to respond/compensateTitan Aerospace Holdings SOLARA 50: 1 caseAll aircraft: 92 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

On May 1, 2015 at 11:07 Mountain Daylight Time (MDT), a Titan Solara 50 solar-powered unmanned experimental aircraft registration N950TA crashed shortly after takeoff, near Otto, New Mexico. The aircraft was operated as a scaled, proof of concept test flight. The aircraft was destroyed, there were no injuries. According to the operator, at 11:02:43 the aircraft began a controlled winch tow and rolled on the ground until liftoff. After the tow release at approximately 30 ft above ground level (AGL), the pilot transitioned to flying the aircraft via instruments and the aircraft was powered up to full throttle for a straight ahead climb. The pilot immediately recognized that the instruments were exhibiting complicating latency and focused on flying the aircraft to a safe altitude and position where the external pilot (copilot) could take control and visually land the aircraft. The pilot initiated a left hand turn when the aircraft reached approximately 160 feet AGL, which continued until the aircraft reached approximately 385 feet AGL. During this time the pilot made two power reductions, attempting to stabilize the aircraft at an altitude and heading acceptable for handover to the copilot to conduct an external visual landing. Handover of controls to the copilot was not attempted during the flight. The operator indicated that the aircraft then encountered significant thermal air mass activity and began to both climb and exceed its design airspeed for an extended period of time. Visible deformation of the wing structure was witnessed by ground personnel during the overspeed condition. It achieved a maximum altitude of approximately 520 feet AGL just prior to structural failure of the left outboard wing. These thermal events were not immediately evident to the pilot due to latency of the aircraft instruments. It is believed the subsequent wing deformation caused the aircraft to begin an uncontrollable right hand turn that the pilot was unable to arrest. Coincident with the significant wing deformation, the aircraft began an uncontrollable and erratic flight path roughly straight ahead in a rapid descent. The left outboard wing section separated from the aircraft during the first portion of the descent and the right outboard wing section separated later in the descent. The aircraft impacted the ground at 11:06:59 with the majority of the structure intact and in a nose down attitude. There were no meteorological indicators that clearly showed evidence of significant pre-launch thermal activity in the test flight area. The aircraft was destroyed when it struck the ground in a rural unpopulated area. Local terrain surrounding the takeoff area, intended landing area (same as takeoff location), and accident site consisted of flat desert grassland.

Factual narrative

On May 1, 2015 at 11:07 Mountain Daylight Time (MDT), a Titan Solara 50 solar-powered unmanned experimental aircraft registration N950TA crashed shortly after takeoff, near Otto, New Mexico. The aircraft was operated as a scaled, proof of concept test flight. The aircraft was destroyed, there were no injuries. According to the operator, at 11:02:43 the aircraft began a controlled winch tow and rolled on the ground until liftoff. After the tow release at approximately 30 ft above ground level (AGL), the pilot transitioned to flying the aircraft via instruments and the aircraft was powered up to full throttle for a straight ahead climb. The pilot immediately recognized that the instruments were exhibiting complicating latency and focused on flying the aircraft to a safe altitude and position where the external pilot (copilot) could take control and visually land the aircraft. The pilot initiated a left hand turn when the aircraft reached approximately 160 feet AGL, which continued until the aircraft reached approximately 385 feet AGL. During this time the pilot made two power reductions, attempting to stabilize the aircraft at an altitude and heading acceptable for handover to the copilot to conduct an external visual landing. Handover of controls to the copilot was not attempted during the flight. The operator indicated that the aircraft then encountered significant thermal air mass activity and began to both climb and exceed its design airspeed for an extended period of time. Visible deformation of the wing structure was witnessed by ground personnel during the overspeed condition. It achieved a maximum altitude of approximately 520 feet AGL just prior to structural failure of the left outboard wing. These thermal events were not immediately evident to the pilot due to latency of the aircraft instruments. It is believed the subsequent wing deformation caused the aircraft to begin an uncontrollable right hand turn that the pilot was unable to arrest. Coincident with the significant wing deformation, the aircraft began an uncontrollable and erratic flight path roughly straight ahead in a rapid descent. The left outboard wing section separated from the aircraft during the first portion of the descent and the right outboard wing section separated later in the descent. The aircraft impacted the ground at 11:06:59 with the majority of the structure intact and in a nose down attitude. There were no meteorological indicators that clearly showed evidence of significant pre-launch thermal activity in the test flight area. The aircraft was destroyed when it struck the ground in a rural unpopulated area. Local terrain surrounding the takeoff area, intended landing area (same as takeoff location), and accident site consisted of flat desert grassland.

Aircraft

Registration
N950TA
Reported as
Titan Aerospace Holdings Solara 50 (NO SERIES)
Category
Airplane, unmanned
Serial number
0001
Built
2014
Airframe hours
0.1
Engine
Ramazani & Assoc. M19, electric
Damage
Destroyed
Flight
Flight test · Part 91
Operator
Titan Aerospace Holdings Inc
Registered owner
Titan Aerospace Holdings Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Experimental (Special)
Last inspection
Condition · April 27, 2015 · 0 hours before
Departed
NA · Otto, NM
Destination
NA · Otto, NM
Flight plan
VFR
Airport
NA · Private Aerodrome
Equipment
Video recording device, Auto-pilot, Data recorder, Electronic multifunction display, Electronic primary flight display

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
57
Injuries
None
Certificates
Flight engineer, Commercial, Airline transport, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
June 12, 2014
Seat
Right
Restraint
None
Flight hours
6,000 total · 1 in this make and model · 2,400 as pilot in command · 13 in the last 90 days · 8 in the last 30 days · 0 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
March 31, 2014
Seat
Left
Restraint
None
Flight hours
296 total · 1 in this make and model · 250 as pilot in command · 0 in the last 90 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Visibility
10 statute miles
Temperature
72 °F, dew point 27 °F
Altimeter
30.18 inHg
Observed at
0E0, 1 nm away

Docket · 1

The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 19, 2015, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 607 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.