- Date
- August 4, 2016, 21:02 local (Aug 5, 2016, 01:02 UTC)
- Place
- Baltimore, MD
- Injuries
- 134 uninjured
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Phase of flight
- Pushback/towing
- Aircraft
- N368SWBoeing 737 3H4
- Defining event
- Pushback/towing: Ground handling event
- Weather
- Visual (VMC) · Night
- Status
- Completed · report January 23, 2017
- Report
- Approved by Office Director
- NTSB office
- Major Investigations Division
- FAA report
- 20160804013139A
- Case key
- 93766
From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.
On this page
Probable cause
the tug operators excessive speed during pushback.
Findings · 1
NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.
Sequence of events
The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.
Analysis
On August 4, 2016 at 9:02pm eastern daylight time, Southwest Airlines flight 149, a Boeing 737, N368SW, experienced a failure of the nose landing gear during pushback from the gate at the Baltimore/Washington Thurgood Marshall International Airport (BWI), Baltimore, Maryland. The aircraft was substantially damaged and there were no injuries to the 6 crewmembers or 129 passengers but the airplane was substantially damaged. The flight was being operated under 14 Code of Federal Regulation Part 121 as a regularly scheduled passenger flight to Atlanta-Hartsfield International Airport (ATL), Atlanta, Georgia. According to the flight crew, as the pushback tug was maneuvering the aircraft off the gate, the flight crew felt the front of the airplane bounce up and down, and then came to rest on the nose. The passengers were deplaned via air stairs. The nose gear collapsed in a forward direction, resulting in substantial damage to the gear structure, the nose gear well, and crushing the forward bulkhead. An airport surveillance camera video was obtained, which showed the tug pushing the aircraft at approximately 6 knots. The tug specifications indicate that speed could be achieved only in second gear or higher. The airline general operating manual specifies that pushback must be conducted in low or first gear, and at a walking speed.
Factual narrative
On August 4, 2016 at 9:02pm eastern daylight time, Southwest Airlines flight 149, a Boeing 737, N368SW, experienced a failure of the nose landing gear during pushback from the gate at the Baltimore/Washington Thurgood Marshall International Airport (BWI), Baltimore, Maryland. The aircraft was substantially damaged and there were no injuries to the 6 crewmembers or 129 passengers but the airplane was substantially damaged. The flight was being operated under 14 Code of Federal Regulation Part 121 as a regularly scheduled passenger flight to Atlanta-Hartsfield International Airport (ATL), Atlanta, Georgia. According to the flight crew, as the pushback tug was maneuvering the aircraft off the gate, the flight crew felt the front of the airplane bounce up and down, and then came to rest on the nose. The passengers were deplaned via air stairs. The nose gear collapsed in a forward direction, resulting in substantial damage to the gear structure, the nose gear well, and crushing the forward bulkhead. An airport surveillance camera video was obtained, which showed the tug pushing the aircraft at approximately 6 knots. The tug specifications indicate that speed could be achieved only in second gear or higher. The airline general operating manual specifies that pushback must be conducted in low or first gear, and at a walking speed.
Aircraft
- Registration
- N368SW
- Reported as
- Boeing 737 3H4 (3H4)
- Category
- Airplane
- Serial number
- 26579
- Built
- 1993
- Airframe hours
- 72,354
- Engines
- CFM Intl. CFM56 SERIES, turbo fanCFM Intl. CFM56 SERIES, turbo fan
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Part 121
- Operator
- Southwest Airlines
- Registered owner
- Southwest Airlines
- Airworthiness certificate
- Standard, Transport
- Last inspection
- July 28, 2016
- Departed
- KBWI · Baltimore, MD
- Destination
- KATL · Atlanta, GA
- Flight plan
- IFR
- Airport
- KBWI · Baltimore/Thurgood Marshall In
- Equipment
- Heads up display, Onboard weather, Satellite tracking device, Stall warning system, ADS-B, Angle of attack indicator, Data recorder
Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.
Flight crew · 2
As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.
- Role
- Pilot
- Age
- 51
- Injuries
- None
- Certificate
- Airline transport
- Airplane ratings
- Multi-engine land
- Instrument ratings
- Airplane
- Medical
- Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
- Last flight review
- June 8, 2016
- Seat
- Left
- Restraint
- 4-point
- Flight hours
- 20,000 total · 16,000 in this make and model · 15,200 as pilot in command · 190 in the last 90 days · 50 in the last 30 days · 9 in the last 24 hours
- Role
- Co-pilot
- Age
- 45
- Injuries
- None
- Certificate
- Airline transport
- Airplane ratings
- Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
- Instrument ratings
- Airplane
- Medical
- Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
- Last flight review
- April 22, 2016
- Seat
- Right
- Restraint
- 4-point
- Flight hours
- 13,800 total · 7,000 in this make and model · 9,000 as pilot in command · 120 in the last 90 days · 9 in the last 30 days · 9 in the last 24 hours
Weather
- Conditions
- Visual (VMC) · Night
- Wind
- 170° at 4 knots
- Visibility
- 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling
- 25,000 ft
- Temperature
- 79 °F, dew point 63 °F
- Altimeter
- 30.06 inHg
- Observed at
- KBWI
Docket · 7
The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 25, 2017, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 6.9 MB in all.
FAA reports on this event · 1
The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.
Other investigations on N368SW · 1
Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.