DCA19CA206

NTSB accident investigation · Airbus A320 · Denver, CO · August 27, 2019

Accident · Serious injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
August 27, 2019, 06:50 local (12:50 UTC)
Place
Denver, CO
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
No damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N328FRAirbus A320
Defining event
Enroute-descent: Turbulence encounter
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 22, 2020
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Major Investigations Division
FAA report
20190827014769A
Case key
100174

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

an encounter with mountain wave turbulence.

Findings · 1

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Turbulence: terrain induced turbulenceEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on personnelAirbus A320-251N: 1 caseAll aircraft: 70 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

On August 27, 2019, at 0650 am mountain daylight time, Frontier Airlines as flight 461, an Airbus A320, N328FR, encountered turbulence while on descent to the Denver International Airport (KDEN), Denver, Colorado. As a result of the turbulence, one flight attendant was seriously injured. There were no other injuries to the remainder of the passengers and crew onboard and the airplane was not damaged. The flight was operating under 14 CFR Part 121 as a regularly scheduled passenger flight from the Minneapolis/St. Paul International Airport (KMSP), Minneapolis, Minnesota to KDEN. Visual flight conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. According to the flight crew, as the flight was approaching 15,000 feet, the captain, who was the pilot monitoring, identified a single cumulus cloud in front of them with the tops at about 15,000 feet, and informed the first officer (FO) of possible turbulence. The FO reduced airspeed to 250 knots in anticipation of the turbulence and the captain advised the flight attendants to take their seats. The airplane then entered moderate turbulence for about 10 seconds. According to the flight attendants (FA), very shortly after being notified by the captain, the turbulence was encountered. The aft flight attendant was returning to her jumpseat when the turbulence occurred and she was thrown to the floor. After the encounter, she was helped back to her jumpseat by another FA and they informed the flight crew. The flight was met at the gate by medical personnel and the FA was transported to the hospital and diagnosed with a broken left ankle. An NTSB Weather Study indicated likely mountain wave conditions between 11,000 and 14,000 feet with cloud formation near the accident site and points eastward, and cloud tops near 15,000 ft.

Aircraft

Registration
N328FR
Reported as
Airbus A320 (251N)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
8118
Built
2018
Engines
turbo fanturbo fan
Damage
No damage
Flight
Part 121
Operator
Frontier Airlines Inc
Registered owner
Wells Fargo Trust Co Na Trustee
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Departed
MSP · Minneapolis, MN
Destination
DEN · Denver, CO
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
KDEN · Denver international Airport, runway 16L, 12,000 × 150 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
57
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
August 13, 2019
Seat
Left
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
9,639 total · 110 in the last 90 days · 27 in the last 30 days · 6 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Age
48
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
August 8, 2018
Seat
Right
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
6,835 total · 201.5 in the last 90 days · 98.5 in the last 30 days · 5.2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Visibility
10 statute miles

Docket · 10

The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 28, 2020, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 56.1 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.