DCA23LA196

NTSB accident investigation · Airbus A320-251N · Dallas, TX · March 2, 2023

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal report
Date
March 2, 2023, 14:20 local (20:20 UTC)
Place
Dallas, TX · on approach descent to land at KDFW
Injuries
1 serious, 196 uninjured
Damage
No damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N366FRAirbus A320-251N
Defining event
Approach: Turbulence encounter
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Major Investigations Division
Parties
Frontier Airlines, Federal Aviation Administration
Case key
106815

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The flight’s encounter with convective turbulence.

Findings · 1

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

TurbulenceEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on personnelAirbus A320-251N: 1 caseAll aircraft: 92 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

Frontier Airlines flight 1369 experienced convective turbulence during the descent from cruise altitude to land at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport (DFW). The captain stated they were briefed and were expecting a mostly smooth flight from Chicago Midway International airport to the Saint Louis area, and then anticipated a “bumpy ride” the remainder of the flight to the DFW, and those were exactly the conditions they encountered. He said that about halfway through the flight it became rough, and they were allowed to deviate around some convective cells to get a smoother ride. Air traffic control (ATC) also gave an additional reroute to transition south of the weather and return to the same arrival transition east to DFW. The captain said that the ride became smoother, so he turned off the seat belt sign as the flight was descending on the arrival at DFW. During arrival, the flight was given a descent to flight level (FL) 240 and told to maintain 290 knots or better. It was mostly smooth, so the captain kept the seat belt sign off, but as the descent progressed, they started getting some light chop, and all of a sudden experienced “one big, unexpected bump”. The captain said he immediately turned the seat belt sign on and made a call to the flight attendants (FA) to get seated. He said the “A” FA told him that one crew member fell and hit her head and hip and was in pain and unable to get up. The first officer (FO) stated they were instructed to descend from FL280 to FL240 and during the descent the airplane flew through a cloud that looked “light with no apparent indications of adverse conditions”, but upon entering the cloud the ride went from smooth, to light, to moderate turbulence. There had been no pilot reports (PIREPS) prior to entering the descent, and the flight attendants had been preparing the cabin for landing and were about to be seated. The FO recalled that the seat belt sign was on throughout the descent. The FO said he immediately got on the public address (PA) system and told the flight attendants to be seated, and shortly thereafter they were informed that the “D” flight attendant had been thrown around and was injured. The flight crew informed ATC of the medical event, requested priority handling, and asked for paramedics to meet the airplane at the gate. ATC declared an emergency for the flight crew. The injured flight attendant was on the galley floor and could not get up. She was assisted by another flight attendant and two passenger nurses, and the flight landed otherwise uneventfully. After landing the injured flight attendant was given medical care and diagnosed with a broken hip.

Aircraft

Registration
N366FR
Reported as
Airbus A320-251N
Category
Airplane
Serial number
9465
Built
2020
Engines
CFM Intl LEAP-1A26, 27,120 lbs thrust, turbo jetCFM Intl LEAP-1A26, 27,120 lbs thrust, turbo jet
Damage
No damage
Flight
Part 121
Operator
Frontier Airlines, doing business as Frontier Airlines, Inc.
Registered owner
Bank Of Utah Trustee
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Departed
KMDW · Chicago, IL
Destination
KDFW · Dallas, TX
Flight plan
IFR
Equipment
Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Auto-pilot, Angle of attack indicator, Stall warning system, Onboard weather, Electronic primary flight display, Electronic multifunction display

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
45
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
January 9, 2023
Seat
Left
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
11,000 total · 3,854 in this make and model
Role
Co-pilot
Age
32
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
July 17, 2023
Seat
Right
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
2,298 total · 1,253 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Lowest ceiling
None

Docket · 7

The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 18, 2024, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.5 MB in all.