DCA25LA238

NTSB accident investigation · Boeing 737-924ER · Fort Myers, FL · June 16, 2025

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal report
Date
June 15, 2025, 21:17 local (Jun 16, 2025, 01:17 UTC)
Place
Fort Myers, FL
Injuries
2 serious, 1 minor, 75 uninjured
Damage
No damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N28478Boeing 737-924ER
Defining event
Approach: Turbulence encounter
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night
Status
Completed · report December 10, 2025
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Major Investigations Division
Parties
United, FAA
Case key
200351

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The airplane’s inadvertent encounter with convective turbulence during descent, which resulted in serious injuries to two flight attendants.

Findings · 1

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Turbulence: convective turbulenceEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on personnelBoeing 737-924ER: 2 casesAll aircraft: 145 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

United Airlines flight 2857, from George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IAH), Houston, Texas to Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL), Fort Lauderdale, Florida, encountered unanticipated turbulence during descent. Two flight attendants (FAs) sustained serious injuries, one sustained a minor injury, and there were no passenger injuries. According to the flight crew, the captain, who was the pilot flying, reported that prior to departure from Houston, he conducted a turbulence mitigation briefing with the cabin crew emphasizing expected callouts and seating times. The flight was delayed approximately two hours due to thunderstorms and ramp closures at IAH. Departure and cruise were uneventful. During descent through approximately 35,000 feet (FL350), the seat belt sign was turned on. The FO, acting as pilot monitoring, made the public address (PA) to passengers and instructed the cabin crew to “prepare the cabin for landing” while descending through about 31,000 feet. According to both pilots, no turbulence was reported by air traffic control, and onboard weather radar and turbulence detection systems indicated no significant activity. The flight was operating in and out of instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) at the time. While descending through approximately FL250, the captain observed green and yellow radar returns rapidly developing directly ahead of the airplane. Before the flight crew could request for deviations, the airplane encountered a sudden, brief episode of moderate turbulence lasting approximately 3 to 5 seconds. The autopilot remained engaged, and the airplane remained in positive control throughout. The FO immediately made a PA announcement instructing the cabin crew to be seated. Following the turbulence encounter, the purser contacted the flight deck to report that three FAs had been injured. FA2, located in the aft galley, was thrown upward and landed on her left foot, sustaining a serious foot injury. FA3, while securing the aft lavatory, fell to the lavatory floor during the turbulence, twisting her left ankle and sustaining a serious injury. FA4, positioned in the forward galley, was thrown into the 1L door, later diagnosed with sprains and contusions. Two medical professionals on board assisted and examined the injured FAs during the remainder of the flight. The flight crew coordinated with dispatch and Fort Lauderdale operations to have emergency medical personnel meet the airplane upon arrival and provide medical attention to the injured FAs. The three injured FAs were transported to a local hospital. There were no other injuries, and the airplane was not damaged.

Aircraft

Registration
N28478
Reported as
Boeing 737-924ER
Category
Airplane
Serial number
31649
Built
2013
Airframe hours
36,890
Engines
CFM Intl CFM56-7B27E, 27,300 lbs thrust, turbo fanCFM Intl CFM56-7B27E, 27,300 lbs thrust, turbo fan
Damage
No damage
Flight
Part 121
Operator
United Airlines Inc
Registered owner
United Airlines Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · August 16, 2024
Departed
IAH · Houston, TX
Destination
Same as departure
Flight plan
IFR
Equipment
Angle of attack indicator, Auto-pilot, Data recorder, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Electronic multifunction display, Electronic primary flight display, Onboard weather, Satellite tracking device, ADS-B, Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
34
Injuries
None
Certificates
Military, Airline transport, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
February 3, 2025
Seat
Left
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
3,845 total · 775 in this make and model · 2,219 as pilot in command · 187 in the last 90 days · 67 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Age
50
Injuries
None
Certificates
Flight instructor, Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
November 13, 2024
Seat
Right
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
10,174 total · 3,273 in this make and model · 3,033 as pilot in command · 190 in the last 90 days · 65 in the last 30 days · 0 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night
Lowest ceiling
25,000 ft overcast
Temperature
88 °F, dew point 73 °F
Altimeter
88.86 inHg
Turbulence
Moderate
Observed at
KRSW

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 10, 2025, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 2.9 MB in all.