DCA25LA239

NTSB accident investigation · Airbus A320 · Nashville, TN · June 22, 2025

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal report
Date
June 22, 2025, 18:38 local (23:38 UTC)
Place
Nashville, TN
Injuries
1 serious, 178 uninjured
Damage
No damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N616NKAirbus A320
Defining event
Enroute-descent: Turbulence encounter
Weather
Day
Status
Completed · report May 27, 2026
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Major Investigations Division
Parties
FAA AVP, Spirit - Manager Safety Investigations
Case key
200361

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The airplane’s encounter with moderate convective turbulence during descent.

Findings · 1

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Turbulence: convective turbulenceEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on personnelAirbus A320-232: 7 casesAll aircraft: 145 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

Spirit Airlines flight 2037 encountered moderate turbulence during descent into Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee. One flight attendant (FA) was seriously injured and there were no passenger injuries. According to the flight crew, they became aware of developing weather in the terminal area during cruise at FL310. At that time, the airplane was approximately 160 nautical miles from any weather and the captain noted that towering cumulus clouds had been added to the automated meteorological briefing for BNA. The flight crew discussed weather mitigation strategies, including approach planning and potential windshear considerations. To reduce workload during the anticipated high-workload phase of flight and to provide advance notice to the cabin crew, the flight crew coordinated an early lavatory break. During this break, the captain advised the lead FA that the seat belt sign would be illuminated early and instructed the cabin crew to expedite descent preparations and be seated as soon as possible due to rapidly changing weather conditions. Descending through FL270, the seat belt sign was illuminated, and a public address (PA) announcement was made before the standard FL180 notification for the FAs to prepare for arrival. The flight crew stated this early announcement was made due to weather and elevated workload. Descending through FL180, air traffic control (ATC) issued an expedited descent clearance to 11,000 feet and a heading of 330°. While turning to the assigned heading, the flight crew observed convective weather directly ahead. The crew requested a right deviation, which was denied by ATC due to traffic; a left deviation was subsequently approved. The crew initiated a left turn but entered a pocket of turbulence before clearing the weather. At approximately 16,000 ft, the airplane encountered moderate turbulence lasting approximately 10 seconds. The autopilot and autothrottle remained engaged, airspeed remained stable, and turbulence penetration speed was maintained throughout the encounter. Following the turbulence encounter, the captain contacted the lead FA and was initially advised that all passengers and crew were fine. However later, during the approach, the lead FA informed the captain that one FA had been injured in the aft galley. Due to the late phase of flight, the crew elected to continue the approach and requested medical assistance upon landing. The injured FA reported that she was advised that turbulence was possible and that it would be prudent to expedite their descent preparations. She did not recall whether the seat belt sign was illuminated at that time. She had just returned to the aft galley and began emptying a coffee pot when the turbulence occurred. After landing, emergency medical services responded at the gate and transported the injured FA to the hospital. Medical evaluation revealed fractures to the left foot, multiple fractures to the right foot, a fracture to the tibia, and afractured or bruised tailbone.

Aircraft

Registration
N616NK
Reported as
Airbus A320 (232)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
05370
Airframe hours
44,860
Damage
No damage
Flight
Part 121
Operator
Spirit Airlines
Registered owner
Umb Bank Na Trustee
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · June 20, 2025
Destination
Same as departure
Flight plan
IFR
Equipment
Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Data recorder, Auto-pilot

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
39
Injuries
None
Certificates
Airline transport, Private, Flight engineer
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
October 14, 2025
Seat
Left
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
4,301 total · 2,688 in this make and model · 2,937 as pilot in command · 114 in the last 90 days · 33 in the last 30 days · 5 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Age
50
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine sea, Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1
Last flight review
July 28, 2025
Seat
Right
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
5,199 total · 884 in this make and model · 3,894 as pilot in command · 233 in the last 90 days · 76 in the last 30 days · 9 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Day
Wind
150° at 6 knots
Visibility
8 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
25,000 ft broken
Temperature
84 °F, dew point 73 °F
Turbulence
Moderate
METAR
METAR 17:43 KBNA 221753Z 15006KT 8SM -RA BKN040TCU BKN045 BKN 055 BKN 250 29/23

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 27, 2026, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 3.6 MB in all.