DEN00LA056

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-18-150 · Belen, NM · March 12, 2000

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
March 12, 2000, 16:30 local (23:30 UTC)
Place
Belen, NM
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N4069ZPiper PA-18-150
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report September 30, 2003
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
20000312004079A
Case key
48778

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

A loss of engine power due to low cylinder compression from an open exhaust valve, and the pilot's failure to lean the fuel mixture.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(partial) - nonmechanicalTakeoff - initial climb
Short field takeoff/procedure - performedPilot in command
Engine assembly,cylinder - low compressionFactor
Engine assembly,valve,exhaust - openFactor
Mixture - not setPilot in commandFactor
Forced landingDescent - emergency
In flight collision with terrain/waterEmergency landing
Terrain condition - ground

Analysis

The pilot received his private pilot's license earlier that morning and was taking his brother for a ride. He said that shortly after he lifted off from an abandoned 800-foot airstrip (elevation unknown, but an airport 7 miles southeast of the accident site is at 5,194 feet msl) but using a short-field takeoff technique (full flaps), the engine began to lose power, dropping about 500 to 700 rpm (revolutions per minute). When he leveled off to maintain airspeed, the engine 'shut down completely.' Because flaps were still extended and airspeed in the flare was low, the airplane 'kept coming down.' A hard landing ensued, shearing off the landing gear and bending the engine mounts and propeller. The mixture control was found in the FULL RICH position. There was a tail wheel strike mark in the dirt 168 feet from the runway threshold. Just beyond were two dirt berms that had been struck by the airplane's main landing gear. The engine was partially disassembled. The no. 2 cylinder compression ratio was 45/80, due to exhaust blow-by.

Factual narrative

On March 12, 2000, approximately 1630 mountain standard time, a Piper PA-18-150, N4069Z, operated by S&P Aviation, LLC., was substantially damaged when it collided with terrain during a forced landing 7 miles northwest of Belen, New Mexico. The newly certificated private pilot and his passenger were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan had been filed for the personal flight being conducted under Title 14 CFR Part 91. The flight was originating at the time of the accident.

The pilot told an FAA inspector that he had received his private pilot's license earlier that morning, and he was taking his brother for a ride. In his accident report, he said that shortly after he lifted off from an abandoned 800-foot long airstrip using a short-field takeoff technique (full flaps), the engine began losing power, dropping about 500 to 700 rpm (revolutions per minute). When he leveled off to maintain airspeed, the engine "shut down completely." Because flaps were still extended and airspeed in the flare was low, the airplane "kept coming down." A hard landing ensued, shearing off the landing gear and bending the engine mounts and propeller.

The FAA inspector examined the airplane at the accident site. He found the mixture control in the FULL RICH position [the elevation of the abandoned airstrip could not be determined. Alexander Field at Belen is situated at an elevation of 5,194 feet msl (mean sea level)]. He said there was a tail wheel strike mark in the dirt 168 feet from the runway threshold. Just beyond were two dirt berms that had been struck by the airplane's main landing gear.

On June 21, the FAA inspector partially disassembled and inspected the engine. He found the no. 2 cylinder compression ratio to be 45/80, due to exhaust blow-by. There was also a thin layer of carbon on the exhaust valve seat. The bottom no. 4 spark plug was 20 to 30% lead fouled, was wet with oil, and would not fire. After cleaning, the plug fired normally. In his report, the inspector said he found nothing "that would prohibit the engine from running in an 'as is' condition."

Aircraft

Registration
N4069Z
Reported as
Piper PA-18-150
Category
Airplane
Serial number
18-8079
Airframe hours
7,901
Engine
Lycoming O-320-A2A, 150 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Victor Zable
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · November 3, 1999 · 102 hours before
Departed
E80 · NM

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
19
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Front
Flight hours
56 total · 52 in this make and model · 22 as pilot in command · 56 in the last 90 days · 55 in the last 30 days · 6 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
360° at 11 knots, gusting 16
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
25,000 ft broken
Temperature
66 °F, dew point 16 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
ABQ, 28 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N4069Z · 2

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.