DEN03LA026

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28-181 · Spanish Fork, UT · December 26, 2002

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
December 26, 2002, 09:45 local (16:45 UTC)
Place
Spanish Fork, UT
Injuries
1 serious, 1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Emergency descent
Aircraft
N75337Piper PA-28-181
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report August 26, 2003
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
Salt Lake City Flight Standards District Office
FAA report
20021226034039A
Case key
56259

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

the pilot's inadequate preflight planning and preparation and his in-flight decision/planning resulting in fuel exhaustion. A contributing factor was the rough, frozen terrain at the landing site.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanicalEmergency descent/landing
Preflight planning/preparation - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Refueling - not performedPilot in commandCause
In-flight planning/decision - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Fluid,fuel - exhaustionFactor
Forced landingEmergency descent/landing
On ground/water encounter with terrain/waterLanding - roll
Terrain condition - open field
Terrain condition - rough/unevenFactor
Terrain condition - frozenFactor

Analysis

The pilot departed, with full fuel tanks, to visit family members for Christmas. During his return trip aircraft preflight, he visually checked the fuel tanks and fuel gauges. "One registered just under 20 gallons and the other 15 gallons." He did not take on additional fuel before departure. The pilot said the engine lost power approximately half way home. He said he enriched the mixture, activated the electric fuel pump, and switched fuel tanks. The engine's power increased. The pilot said he decided to head toward Spanish Fork Canyon. Shortly thereafter, with the Spanish Fork Airport in sight, the engine again lost power. The pilot performed a forced landing to an open field. During the landing roll, the airplane nosed over. Postaccident examination of the terrain revealed that it was frozen hard. An FAA inspector retrieved approximately 1/4 cup of fuel from one fuel tank, and he reported the other tank was empty. The inspector also said the fuel strainers were clean, but dry.

Factual narrative

On December 26, 2002, at approximately 0945 mountain standard time, a Piper PA-28-181, N75337, was substantially damaged when it nosed over during a forced landing in an open field near Spanish Fork, Utah. The instrument rated private pilot was seriously injured, and his passenger received minor injuries. Keystone Aviation, Salt Lake City, Utah, was operating the airplane under Title 14 CFR Part 91. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the personal cross-country flight that originated from Blanding, Utah, approximately 2 hours before the accident. No flight plan had been filed.

The pilot said he had the airplane topped off with fuel prior to departure from Salt Lake City 2 days before the accident. He flew to Blanding, Utah, for Christmas celebrations with family members. The flight lasted approximately 2 hours and 15 minutes. Prior to departure from Blanding, the pilot said he visually checked the fuel tanks and fuel gauges. "One registered just under 20 gallons and the other 15 gallons." The pilot said he calculated his fuel burn at 9 gallons per hour. He did not take on additional fuel before departure. The pilot said that about half way between Price and Provo, Utah, the engine lost power. He said he enriched the mixture, activated the electric fuel pump, and switched fuel tanks. The engine's power increased. The pilot said he decided to head toward Spanish Fork Canyon. Shortly thereafter, with the Spanish Fork Airport in sight, the engine again lost power. The pilot performed a forced landing to an open, plowed field. During the landing roll, the airplane nosed over bending both wings, the vertical stabilizer, and the firewall.

Postaccident examination of the terrain revealed that it was frozen hard. An FAA inspector retrieved approximately 1/4 cup of fuel from one fuel tank, and he reported that other tank was empty. The inspector also said the fuel strainers were clean, but dry.

According to the Pilot's Operating Handbook, the airplane has 48 gallons of usable fuel capacity. The Hobbs meter in the airplane reflected a total time from Salt Lake City to Blanding, and from Blanding to the accident site, as 5.2 hours. This results in an average fuel burn rate of approximately 9.3 gallons per hour.

Aircraft

Registration
N75337
Reported as
Piper PA-28-181
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-7690332
Airframe hours
11,211
Engine
Textron Lycoming O-360-A4M, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Keystone Aviation LLC
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Utility
Last inspection
100 hour · November 26, 2002 · 32 hours before
Departed
BDG · Blanding, UT
Destination
SLC · Salt Lake City, UT
Flight plan
Unknown

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
22
Injuries
Serious
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Last flight review
August 5, 2002
Seat
Left
Flight hours
185 total · 22 in this make and model · 138 as pilot in command · 30 in the last 90 days · 8 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
170° at 9 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
21 °F, dew point 16 °F
Altimeter
30.30 inHg
Observed at
PVU, 5 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.