DEN03LA049

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-24-250 · Belen, NM · March 14, 2003

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
March 14, 2003, 07:30 local (14:30 UTC)
Place
Belen, NM
Injuries
1 serious, 1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N6960PPiper PA-24-250
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report November 25, 2003
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20030314004979A
Case key
56631

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

the pilot's improper preflight/in-flight decision making which resulted in the loss of engine power due to fuel starvation. Contributing factors include, the partial fuel selector valve failure, the pilot's intentional operation with known deficiencies in equipment and the lack of suitable terrain for a forced landing.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanicalCruise - normal
Fuel system,selector/valve - failure,partialFactor
Preflight planning/preparation - improperPilot in commandCause
In-flight planning/decision - improperPilot in commandCause
Fluid,fuel - starvationFactor
Operation with known deficiencies in equipment - intentionalPilot in commandFactor
Forced landingDescent - emergency
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - emergency
Terrain condition - none suitableFactor

Analysis

According to the pilot, he purchased the airplane on March 11, 2003, and was aware of recent maintenance on the fuel selector valve. He examined the airplane and departed on a cross-country flight back to his home base. He stated that, approximately 2 hours into the flight, the engine "quit," and that he had experienced fuel exhaustion. He switched the fuel selector valve to the left wing-tip fuel tank, restarted the engine and landed at the nearest airport. Upon landing, he examined the fuel tanks and found that the right main and right wing-tip fuel tanks were full, the left wing-tip fuel tank was half full and the left main fuel tank was "dry." He refueled the airplane and departed. During the next 2 hours of flying, he switched the fuel selector valve from the left and right wing-tip tanks, to the main tanks and at approximately 2 hours into the flight the engine "quit" a second time. He was able to restart the engine after switching back to the left wing-tip tank, landed at the nearest airport to refuel and then departed to his destination. On March 14, the day of the accident, he departed on a cross-country flight. During the second hour of flight, he switched the fuel selector valve from the main tanks to the left wing-tip tank, then to the right wing-tip tank and then back to the main tanks in 20-min intervals. Approximately 2 hours into the flight, the engine "sputtered and then stopped." He restarted the engine, but it only ran for a few seconds. He attempted to glide to the nearby Alexander Municipal Airport, but was forced to land approximately 250 feet short of runway 21. The impact resulted in substantial damage to both wings, the firewall, and the separation of all landing gear assemblies.

Factual narrative

On March 14, 2003, at approximately 0730 mountain standard time, a Piper PA-24-250, N6960P, operated by the pilot, was substantially damaged when it impacted terrain during a forced landing near Alexander Municipal Airport (E80), Belen, New Mexico. The pilot was not injured, but his passenger sustained serious injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. No flight plan had been filed for this personal cross-country flight being conducted under Title 14 CFR Part 91. The flight originated from Tucson, Arizona, at approximately 0530.

According to the pilot, he purchased the airplane on March 11, 2003, and was aware of recent maintenance on the fuel selector valve. He examined the airplane and departed on a cross-country flight back to his home base. He stated that, approximately 2 hours into the flight, the engine "quit," and that he had experienced fuel exhaustion. He switched the fuel selector valve to the left wing-tip fuel tank, restarted the engine and landed at the nearest airport. Upon landing, he examined the fuel tanks and found that the right main and right wing-tip fuel tanks were full, the left wing-tip fuel tank was half full and the left main fuel tank was "dry." He refueled the airplane and departed. During the next 2 hours of flying, he switched the fuel selector valve from the left and right wing-tip tanks, to the main tanks and at approximately 2 hours into the flight the engine "quit" a second time. He was able to restart the engine after switching back to the left wing-tip tank, landed at the nearest airport to refuel and then departed to his destination.

On March 13, he flew the airplane from his home base to a nearby airport with a maintenance facility to have a mechanic examine the airplane's fuel selector valve. The mechanic stated that the right fuel selector valve did not have a detent. The pilot had the selector valve repaired. The selector valve was checked and it operated correctly. He then departed back to his home base.

On March 14, the day of the accident, he departed on a cross-country flight. During the second hour of flight, he switched the fuel selector valve from the main tanks to the left wing-tip tank, then to the right wing-tip tank and then back to the main tanks in 20-min intervals. Approximately 2 hours into the flight, the engine "sputtered and then stopped." He restarted the engine, but it only ran for a few seconds. He attempted to glide to the nearby Alexander Municipal Airport, but was forced to land approximately 250 feet short of runway 21. The impact resulted in a cord wise buckle of both the left and right wings approximately 4 feet inboard of the wing tip tanks, the displacement of the engine, the separation of the left side of the firewall from the fuselage, and the separation of the left and right main landing gear and nose landing gear assemblies.

According to an FAA Inspector, there was approximately 60 gallons of fuel remaining on-board the airplane. The fuel was located within the left wing tank and the left and right wing-tip tanks. The right wing tank was empty.

Aircraft

Registration
N6960P
Reported as
Piper PA-24-250
Category
Airplane
Serial number
24-2098
Airframe hours
3,000
Engine
Lycoming O-540, 250 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · March 1, 2003 · 8 hours before
Departed
AVQ · Tucson, AZ
Destination
FFM · Fergus Falls, MN
Airport
E80 · Alexander Municipal

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
57
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
May 30, 2002
Seat
Left
Flight hours
191 total · 42 in this make and model · 115 as pilot in command · 48 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
130° at 4 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
52 °F, dew point 16 °F
Altimeter
30.14 inHg
Observed at
ABQ, 27 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N6960P · 2

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.