DFW07LA197

NTSB accident investigation · Robinson Helicopter R22 Beta · Fort Stockton, TX · September 12, 2007

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
September 12, 2007, 14:38 local (19:38 UTC)
Place
Fort Stockton, TX
Injuries
1 serious, 1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N993KCRobinson Helicopter R22 Beta
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report December 24, 2008
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration, FSDO
FAA report
20070912020579A
Case key
66657

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The failure of the v-belt drive system to the main rotor for undetermined reasons. Contributing to the accident was insufficient altitude to perform a successful autorotation.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Rotor failure/malfunctionClimb - to cruise
Reason for occurrence undeterminedCause
Rotor drive system,main rotor drive belt - failureCause
Forced landingDescent - emergency
Hard landingDescent - emergency
Aircraft performance,landing capability - low levelFactor
Aircraft handling - not successfulPilot in commandFactor

Analysis

The single-engine helicopter experienced a hard landing after a malfunction of the belt drive system for the main rotor. The pilot had just taken off from a trailer and had transitioned to low level cruise flight when he heard a loud bang. The pilot cross-checked his engine instruments and observed the engine RPM was excessively high and the rotor RPM was below 80 percent, accompanied by the low rotor RPM warning. The pilot then initiated an autorotation and landed hard with near zero forward speed. The aircraft bounced backwards after initial impact and came to rest in the upright position. The on-scene investigation noted that one of the v-belts to the main rotor drive system had separated which caused the other belt to slip off the upper spindle. The reason for the separation could not be determined.

Factual narrative

On September 12, 2007 at 1438 central standard time N993KC, a Robinson R22 Beta helicopter, experienced a hard landing after a malfunction of the belt drive system for the main rotor. The pilot received serious injuries and his passenger received minor injuries as a result of a hard landing. The pilot had just taken off from a trailer and had climbed to about 50 feet above ground level to conduct a predator control mission about 10 miles northwest of Fort Stockton, Texas. The flight was conducted in visual meteorological conditions under 14 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 91.

In an interview with the pilot, a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector stated that the pilot had just transitioned to a low level cruise after takeoff when he heard a loud bang and felt a vibration in the pedals. He observed the engine rpm was excessively high and noticed the rotor RPM was below 80 percent accompanied by the low rotor RPM warning. He then lowered the collective and searched for a location to make an emergency landing. The pilot then initiated an autorotation, was not able to recover the rotor RPM, and landed hard with near zero forward speed. The aircraft bounced backwards after initial impact and came to rest in the upright position.

An FAA inspector conducted an on scene investigation and noted that one of the v-belts to the main rotor drive system had separated which caused the other belt to slip off the upper spindle. The pilot stated the clutch light was operating normally prior to takeoff.

Weather reported at 1411 central daylight time at Fort Stockton (KFST), 10 miles north west of the accident site, was winds 110 degrees at 9 knots, 10 miles visibility, scattered clouds at 2100 feet and 2600 feet, temperature 24 degrees Celsius, dew point 18 degrees Celsius, and an altimeter reading of 30.11 inches of Mercury.

Aircraft

Registration
N993KC
Reported as
Robinson Helicopter R22 Beta
Category
Helicopter
Serial number
2926
Airframe hours
2,114
Engine
Lycoming O&VO-360 SER, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Business · Part 91
Operator
Smith Helicopters Inc, doing business as Smith Helicopters, Inc
Registered owner
Smith Helicopters Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · February 8, 2007
Departed
Fort Stockton, TX
Destination
Fort Stockton, TX

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
54
Injuries
Serious
Certificates
Commercial, Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
November 5, 2006
Seat
Right
Flight hours
13,967 total · 3,428 in this make and model · 31 in the last 90 days · 11 in the last 30 days · 3 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
110° at 9 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
75 °F, dew point 64 °F
Altimeter
30.11 inHg
Observed at
KFST, 10 nm away

Docket · 7

The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 23, 2008, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 844 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.