ERA12CA028

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28R-201T · Culpeper, VA · October 6, 2011

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
October 6, 2011, 11:00 local (15:00 UTC)
Place
Culpeper, VA
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N9268CPiper PA-28R-201T
Defining event
Landing-landing roll: Landing gear collapse
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report January 18, 2012
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
Case key
82072

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate knowledge of the airplane's emergency gear extension procedures, which resulted in his failure to successfully perform a manual extension of the landing gear.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Action: incorrect action performancePersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotPiper PA-28R-201T: 2 casesAll aircraft: 1,386 casesProbable cause
Landing gear system: gear extension and retract sysAircraft › Aircraft systems · Incorrect use/operationPiper PA-28R-201T: 5 casesAll aircraft: 416 casesProbable cause
Knowledge: knowledge of proceduresPersonnel issues › Experience/knowledge · PilotPiper PA-28R-201T: 1 caseAll aircraft: 41 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

According to the pilot/owner, the airplane sustained a loss of electrical power, and he decided to return to the airport. On the downwind leg of the traffic pattern, the pilot moved the landing gear lever to the down position but did not see the three green lights or hear the landing gear extend. He then called a maintenance facility located at the airport and asked them to verify if the landing gear was down while he performed a low pass over the runway. The maintenance personnel indicated that the gear was not down; the pilot attempted an emergency gear extension procedure. After another low pass, the maintenance personnel stated that the gear was extended, and the pilot landed the airplane. During the landing roll, the right main landing gear collapsed, and the airplane veered off the runway, impacting a runway light, which resulted in substantial damage to the right wing. A postaccident examination of the airplane revealed that the battery had been removed, and, therefore, the reason for an electrical failure could not be determined. Examination and operation of the landing gear revealed no anomalies. The pilot owned the airplane for about 8 years prior to the accident and had accumulated 1,650 hours of flight time in the make and model; however, the pilot could not successfully perform or articulate the emergency gear extension procedure. The pilot was also unable to locate the emergency landing gear extension procedure in the pilot’s operating handbook.

Factual narrative

According to the pilot/owner, the airplane experienced a loss of electrical power and he decided to return to the airport. On the downwind leg of the traffic pattern, the pilot moved the landing gear lever to the down position, but did not see the three green lights or hear the landing gear extend. He then called a maintenance facility located at the airport and asked them to verify if the landing gear was down while he performed a low pass over the runway. The maintenance personnel indicated that the gear was not down, and the pilot attempted an emergency gear extension procedure. After another low pass, the maintenance personnel stated that the gear was extended and the pilot landed the airplane. During the landing roll, the right main landing gear collapsed, the airplane veered off the runway, and impacted a runway light, which resulted in substantial damage to the right wing. A postaccident inspection of the airplane by a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector revealed that the battery had been removed prior to his arrival, therefore, the reason for the electrical failure could not be determined. Examination and operation of the landing gear revealed no anomalies. The pilot owned the airplane for about 8 years prior to the accident, and had accumulated 1,650 hours of flight time in make and model. When asked by the FAA inspector, the pilot could not successfully perform nor articulate the emergency gear extension procedure. The pilot was then handed the Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH) and asked to locate the procedure in the handbook. The pilot was unable to locate the emergency landing gear extension procedure in the POH.

Aircraft

Registration
N9268C
Reported as
Piper PA-28R-201T
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28R-7803248
Airframe hours
2,210
Engine
Cont Motor TSIO-360 SER, 225 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 1, 2011
Departed
CJR · Culpeper, VA
Destination
CJR · Culpeper, VA
Airport
CJR · Culpeper Regional Airprot, runway 04, 5,000 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
63
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
March 4, 2011
Seat
Left
Flight hours
3,342 total · 1,650 in this make and model · 3,200 as pilot in command · 10 in the last 90 days · 1 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
60° at 3 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
63 °F, dew point 46 °F
Altimeter
30.42 inHg
Observed at
CJR

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 8, 2011, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.0 MB in all.