ERA15CA256

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 170 · Raymond, MS · June 30, 2015

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
June 30, 2015, 14:45 local (19:45 UTC)
Place
Raymond, MS
Injuries
3 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N4027VCessna 170
Defining event
Approach-VFR pattern final: Fuel contamination
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report August 11, 2015
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20150630013169A
Case key
91471

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The flight instructor's inadequate preflight inspection of the fuel system resulting in a total loss of engine power due to fuel contamination.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid conditionCessna 170: 4 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Inspection: preflight inspectionPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 170: 4 casesAll aircraft: 551 casesProbable cause
AircraftAircraft › Aircraft power plant · FailureCessna 170: 1 caseAll aircraft: 151 casesProbable cause
Fuel system: fuel storageAircraft › Aircraft systems · Damaged/degradedCessna 170: 1 caseAll aircraft: 60 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The flight instructor was giving two student pilots their first flight lesson. After 20 minutes of taxi instruction, they departed the airport and flew for 20 minutes. While returning to the airport on final approach, the flight instructor advanced the power because the airplane was low on the approach path and discovered the engine had lost all power. The airplane was beyond gliding distance to the runway so the flight instructor made a 20 degree right turn and landed on a road located a quarter of a mile short of, and just to the right of, the extended runway center line. The flight instructor had to cross a high fence to make the road. The airplane cleared the fence but subsequently stalled about 10 to 15 feet above the road. The pilot made a hard landing on the road but, the road curved to the right and he was unable to keep the airplane on the centerline. The airplane then went off the left side, struck a log, and the left wing tip made contact with a fence post. It then ground looped and came to rest. Examination of the airplane revealed the left wing was substantially damaged, a large quantity of water was present in the right wing tank, and the fuel separator was full of water. Further examination revealed the right wing tank recessed type fuel cap seal had been leaking, and the airplane had been outside for several days in the rain. During preflight, the flight instructor drained all the sumps but did not notice the clear "fluid" that he drained from the right wing tank sump was all water. This was his first flight in the airplane and the preflight was conducted in light drizzle during a rain shower. The flight instructor advised that he did not remove or examine the fuel caps during the preflight as he did not want the water that had pooled in the cap recesses to get into the tanks. He did notice that the "fluid" from the right wing was not the proper color but attributed this to automobile gasoline that had been used in the airplane previously, as it had the odor of automobile gasoline.

Factual narrative

The flight instructor was giving two student pilots their first flight lesson. After 20 minutes of taxi instruction, they departed the airport and flew for 20 minutes. While returning to the airport on final approach, the flight instructor advanced the power because the airplane was low on the approach path and discovered the engine had lost all power. The airplane was beyond gliding distance to the runway so the flight instructor made a 20 degree right turn and landed on a road located a quarter of a mile short of, and just to the right of, the extended runway center line. The flight instructor had to cross a high fence to make the road. The airplane cleared the fence but subsequently stalled about 10 to 15 feet above the road. The pilot made a hard landing on the road but, the road curved to the right and he was unable to keep the airplane on the centerline. The airplane then went off the left side, struck a log, and the left wing tip made contact with a fence post. It then ground looped and came to rest. Examination of the airplane revealed the left wing was substantially damaged, a large quantity of water was present in the right wing tank, and the fuel separator was full of water. Further examination revealed the right wing tank recessed type fuel cap seal had been leaking, and the airplane had been outside for several days in the rain. During preflight, the flight instructor drained all the sumps but did not notice the clear "fluid" that he drained from the right wing tank sump was all water. This was his first flight in the airplane and the preflight was conducted in light drizzle during a rain shower. The flight instructor advised that he did not remove or examine the fuel caps during the preflight as he did not want the water that had pooled in the cap recesses to get into the tanks. He did notice that the "fluid" from the right wing was not the proper color but attributed this to automobile gasoline that had been used in the airplane previously, as it had the odor of automobile gasoline.

Aircraft

Registration
N4027V
Reported as
Cessna 170
Category
Airplane
Serial number
18346
Built
1948
Airframe hours
3,906.51
Engine
Cont Motor C-145-2, 145 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · February 8, 2015
Departed
JVW · Raymond, MS
Destination
JVW · Raymond, MS
Airport
JVW · John Bell Williams Airport, runway 12, 5,499 × 100 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
58
Injuries
None
Certificates
Airline transport, Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
June 30, 2014
Seat
Right
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
10,670 total · 20 in this make and model · 10,511 as pilot in command · 123 in the last 90 days · 58 in the last 30 days · 4 in the last 24 hours
Role
Student pilot
Age
22
Injuries
None
Seat
Left
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
1 total · 1 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
200° at 7 knots, gusting 15
Visibility
6 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
88 °F, dew point 82 °F
Altimeter
29.98 inHg
Observed at
JVW

Docket · 10

The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 31, 2015, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 12.9 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.