ERA16CA237

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA 28-161 · Honesdale, PA · June 29, 2016

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
June 29, 2016, 17:29 local (21:29 UTC)
Place
Honesdale, PA
Injuries
4 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N8237ZPiper PA 28-161
Defining event
Takeoff-rejected takeoff: Runway excursion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report July 5, 2017
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20160629013499A
Case key
93506

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate preflight planning, which resulted in his attempt to take off near the airplane’s maximum gross weight in high-density altitude conditions that degraded the airplane’s takeoff and climb performance and resulted in an aborted takeoff and subsequent runway excursion.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Temp/humidity/pressure: high density altitudeEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operationPiper PA-28-161: 1 caseAll aircraft: 278 cases
Object/animal/substanceEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcomePiper PA-28-161: 1 caseAll aircraft: 224 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

At an airport with a field elevation of 1,357 ft above mean sea level, where the temperature was 23°C, the pilot loaded the airplane with passengers, luggage, and fuel, to near its maximum gross weight. He then initiated a takeoff on a 2,986-ft-long runway, which had an approximate 500-ft displaced threshold on each end, a 0.6-percent uphill gradient, and trees off the departure end. While attempting to take off, the airplane failed to become airborne, and the pilot aborted the takeoff. The airplane traveled off the right side of the runway and was substantially damaged when it struck vegetation and terrain. The pilot and the three passengers were not injured. Review of airport security camera footage revealed that the pilot had initiated a rolling, 0-flap takeoff from an intersection with about 200 ft of usable pavement behind him. Review of the weather conditions present at the time of the accident indicated that the density altitude was 2,805 ft. Review of weather information and a Koch chart also indicated that with the density altitude that existed at the time of the accident, a 30 percent increase in takeoff distance should have been anticipated by the pilot along with a 23 percent decrease in climb rate. Review of the information manual for the airplane revealed that it contained performance information. When asked if he had checked the density altitude before takeoff, the pilot replied that he had not.

Factual narrative

At an airport with a field elevation of 1,357 feet above mean sea level, where the temperature was 23 degrees Celsius, the pilot loaded the airplane with passengers, luggage, and fuel, to near its maximum gross weight He then initiated a takeoff on a 2,986-foot-long runway, which had an approximate 500-foot displaced threshold on each end, a 0.6 percent uphill gradient, and obstructions in the form of trees off the departure end. During the takeoff, the airplane failed to become airborne and the pilot aborted the takeoff. The airplane traveled off the right side of the runway, and was substantially damaged when it struck vegetation and terrain. The pilot and the three passengers were not injured. Review of airport security camera footage revealed that the pilot had initiated a rolling, zero flap takeoff from an intersection with approximately 200 feet of usable pavement behind him. Review of the weather conditions present at the time of the accident indicated that the density altitude was 2,805 feet. Review of weather information and a Koch chart also indicated that with the density altitude that existed at the time of the accident, a 30 percent increase in takeoff distance should have been anticipated by the pilot along with a 23 percent decrease in rate of climb. Review of the information manual for the airplane revealed that it did contain published performance information. When asked if he had checked the density altitude prior to takeoff the pilot advised that he had not.

Aircraft

Registration
N8237Z
Reported as
Piper PA 28-161
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-8216177
Built
1982
Airframe hours
7,314.3
Engine
Lycoming O-320-E2D, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · April 7, 2016
Departed
N30 · Honesdale, PA
Destination
MKL · Jackson, TN
Airport
N30 · Cherry Ridge, runway 36, 2,986 × 50 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Stall warning system, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Handheld GPS, Satellite tracking device

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
64
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
August 14, 2014
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
270 total · 77 in this make and model · 152 as pilot in command · 28 in the last 90 days · 20 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
360° at 3 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
73 °F, dew point 59 °F
Altimeter
29.95 inHg
Observed at
N30

Docket · 9

The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 8, 2017, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 7.2 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.