ERA17LA328

NTSB accident investigation · Piper J3C · Hanover Township, PA · September 16, 2017

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
September 16, 2017, 16:49 local (20:49 UTC)
Place
Hanover Township, PA
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Maneuvering
Aircraft
N38365Piper J3C
Defining event
Maneuvering-low-alt flying: Abrupt maneuver
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 13, 2020
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20170916020589A
Case key
96036

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain roll control while maneuvering, which resulted in a collision with trees and terrain.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotPiper J3C-65: 43 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: lateral/bank controlAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedPiper J3C-65: 4 casesAll aircraft: 390 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The private pilot was conducting a local, personal flight. He reported that, about 1,000 ft above ground level and as he began turning the airplane left, it rolled faster than he expected and then "rolled over" into an inverted attitude. The pilot regained control of the airplane, and when the airplane was straight and level, he saw treetops. He tried to pull up, but the airplane impacted trees and then terrain, which resulted in substantial damage to the airframe. The pilot stated, and a postaccident examination of the airplane confirmed, that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures of the flight controls that would have precluded normal operation.

Factual narrative

On September 16, 2017, about 1649 eastern daylight time, a Piper J3C-65, N38365, was substantially damaged when it impacted trees and terrain while maneuvering near Hanover Township, Pennsylvania. The private pilot and pilot-rated passenger received minor injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed for the local personal flight that departed Herron Airport (7G1), New Cumberland, West Virginia. The airplane was operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91.According to the pilot, he and the passenger made two previous local flights that day before the accident flight. During the third flight of the day, approximately 1,000 ft above ground level, he started a left turn and the airplane rolled over into an inverted attitude. The pilot further stated, "in a bat of an eye it rolled over." He then corrected the roll and when the airplane was straight and level, he saw some tree tops. He tried to pull up, but the airplane contacted the tree tops and impacted the ground. The pilot stated there were no mechanical issues with the airplane that would have precluded normal operations. According to the pilot-rated passenger, they were flying along with friends, who were flying their airplanes. One of their friend's airplanes passed them to the left and they were going to turn left and follow it. During the turn to the left, the airplane rolled over. She further stated, "it rolled over so fast she could not believe it." They contacted some tree tops and impacted the ground. She stated there were no mechanical issues with the airplane that would have precluded normal operations. Examination of the wreckage by a Federal Aviation Administration inspector revealed that the airplane had sustained damage to the forward and aft wing spar on the left wing. The right main landing gear was separated. One propeller blade was bent. The bulkhead fuel tank was ruptured. Cable continuity was established to all flight controls.

Aircraft

Registration
N38365
Reported as
Piper J3C (65)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
6973
Built
1941
Airframe hours
3,200
Engine
Cont Motor C-90-8, 90 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · June 10, 2017
Departed
7G1 · New Cumberland, WV
Destination
7G1 · New Cumberland, WV
Equipment
None

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
23
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
June 30, 2017
Seat
Rear
Restraint
Lap only
Flight hours
230 total · 195 in this make and model · 40 in the last 90 days · 15 in the last 30 days · 1.5 in the last 24 hours
Role
Pilot-rated passenger
Age
24
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Single-engine sea
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
June 30, 2017
Seat
Front
Restraint
Lap only
Flight hours
127 total · 0 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
120° at 6 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
6,500 ft broken
Temperature
79 °F, dew point 63 °F
Altimeter
30.14 inHg
Observed at
KPIT, 9 nm away

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 12, 2019, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 2.1 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N38365 · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.