ERA19LA083

NTSB accident investigation · Beech 35 · Lexington, KY · January 26, 2019

Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
January 26, 2019, 15:40 local (20:40 UTC)
Place
Lexington, KY
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N6136VBeech 35
Defining event
Approach-VFR pattern final: Fuel starvation
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20190126011509A
Case key
98860

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's improper slip maneuver on final approach, which resulted in a total loss of engine power.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid managementBeech S35: 3 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: use of equip/systemPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotBeech S35: 4 casesAll aircraft: 1,391 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Fuel starvationApproach-VFR pattern finalBeech S35: 3 casesAll aircraft: 733 casesDefining event

Analysis

According to the pilot, the airplane was high on the approach and he performed a slip to descend the airplane to his desired approach angle. About 1,000 feet above ground level, the pilot added engine power to maintain his approach angle, and the engine did not respond. The pilot performed a forced landing to a horse farm, where fences dividing the pastures substantially damaged the airplane during landing. After the accident, about 15 gallons of fuel were recovered from the left main fuel tank and about 16 gallons were recovered from the right main fuel tank. Each tank had a total capacity of 40 gallons. A placard mounted on the instrument panel cautioned: "Avoid prolonged slips (20 seconds or more) with fuel tanks less than half full." Examination of the airplane and a postaccident engine run revealed no pre-impact mechanical anomalies that would have prevented normal operation. It is likely that the loss of engine power was the result of fuel starvation.

Factual narrative

On January 26, 2019, about 1540 eastern standard time, a Beech S35, N6136V, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Lexington, Kentucky. The airline transport pilot and his passenger were not injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. In a written statement and conversations with a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector, the pilot stated that air traffic control vectored the airplane for landing on runway 22 (972 ft elevation) and that his airplane was sequenced behind another airplane landing to the same runway. Preliminary radar information depicted the airplane at 2,300 feet mean sea level when it turned and aligned with the runway 6.3 miles from its approach end. The airplane's final radar target was depicted at 2,100 feet and 3.8 miles from the approach end of the runway. According to the pilot, the airplane was "high" on the approach, and he "slipped" the airplane and descended to his desired approach angle. About 1,000 feet above ground level, the pilot added power to maintain his approach angle, and the engine did not respond. The pilot stated that the remedial actions he performed to restore engine power were unsuccessful, and the airplane had insufficient altitude to glide to the runway. The pilot selected a horse farm directly beneath the airplane's flight path for the forced landing. During the landing roll, the airplane struck several fences which divided the property, resulting in substantial damage to the left wing, fuselage, and empennage. The airplane came to rest upright 1.4 miles from the approach end of runway 22. According to FAA airworthiness records, the airplane was manufactured in 1965 and had accrued 6,181 total aircraft hours. It was equipped with a Continental IO-550B, 300-horsepower engine that drove a controllable-pitch propeller. The airplane was equipped with a 40-gallon main fuel tank in each wing, and a 15-gallon auxiliary fuel tank mounted on each wing tip. Examination of the airplane by an FAA inspector revealed control continuity from the cockpit to all flight control surfaces. The left main fuel tank was compromised and leaked fuel. The auxiliary tip tanks were destroyed by impact and contained no fuel. During the initial exam and the subsequent recovery of the airplane from the accident site, the inspector supervised the defueling of the airplane, which captured 16 gallons of fuel from the right main fuel tank, and about 15 gallons from the left main fuel tank. The auxiliary fuel transfer pump switches were found in the "ON" position. After recovery, an engine run was attempted at the recovery facility. The work performed to accomplish the engine run included: removal of the damaged propeller for a donor propeller, plumbing of an external fuel supply due to the voided fuel tanks, removal of the airplane's dead battery for a donor battery, and then hoisting and securing the airplane for the run. The engine startedimmediately, accelerated smoothly, and ran continuously without interruption. A magneto check was performed satisfactorily. The engine was not accelerated beyond 1,200 rpm due to impact damage and excessive vibration. A placard mounted on the instrument panel cautioned: "Avoid prolonged slips (20 seconds or more) with fuel tanks less than half full."

Aircraft

Registration
N6136V
Reported as
Beech 35 (S35)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
D-7788
Built
1965
Airframe hours
6,136
Engine
Continental IO-550B, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · May 4, 2018 · 45 hours before
Departed
ABE · Allentown, PA
Destination
LEX · Lexington, KY
Flight plan
VFR
Airport
LEX · Blue Grass, runway 22, 7,004 × 150 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Unknown

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
57
Injuries
None
Certificates
Airline transport, Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
BasicMed
Last flight review
May 18, 2017
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
13,562 total · 881 in this make and model · 13 in the last 90 days · 13 in the last 30 days · 3.2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
220° at 9 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
3,000 ft broken
Temperature
34 °F, dew point 25 °F
Altimeter
30.12 inHg
Observed at
KLEX, 2 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.