ERA20CA226

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 150 · Shelby, NC · June 22, 2020

Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal report
Date
June 22, 2020, 12:40 local (16:40 UTC)
Place
Shelby, NC
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N1718QCessna 150
Defining event
Enroute-descent: Fuel exhaustion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20200622006479A
Case key
101481

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate preflight and inflight fuel planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Not serviced/maintainedCessna 150L: 16 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Knowledge: knowledge of equipmentPersonnel issues › Experience/knowledge · PilotCessna 150L: 1 caseAll aircraft: 69 casesProbable cause
Planning/preparation: fuel planningPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 150L: 7 casesAll aircraft: 719 casesProbable cause
Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid levelCessna 150L: 16 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

According to the pilot, he completed a preflight inspection of the airplane he had recently purchased and departed with full fuel tanks. During the flight, while receiving flight following services from air traffic control, he was requested to adjust his heading and was eventually routed back on course. When the airplane was about 3 miles from the destination airport, the engine "sputter[ed]." The pilot verified that the fuel shutoff was on, primed the engine, and pumped the throttle with little improvement from the engine. He noted that when the airplane was pitched down, the engine would "sputter," and when it was pitched up, the engine would run. He checked the fuel quantity, and the left fuel gauge indicated 1/8 usable fuel and the right tank indicated "almost" 1/4 usable fuel. The pilot decided the airplane would not be able to make the airport and located a field to perform a forced landing. During the accident sequence, the airplane experienced a hard landing and the engine mount and left wing were substantially damaged. After the airplane was recovered, the pilot drained the unbreached fuel tanks and 3 gallons were removed from the airplane. According to the airplane Pilot Operating Handbook, the airplane held 26 total gallons of fuel, of which 22.5 gallons were useable. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical anomalies with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation prior to the accident, however, the right fuel gauge was slightly incorrect.

Factual narrative

According to the pilot, he completed a preflight inspection of the airplane he had recently purchased and departed with full fuel tanks. During the flight, while receiving flight following services from air traffic control, he was requested to adjust his heading and was eventually routed back on course. When the airplane was about 3 miles from the destination airport, the engine "sputter[ed]." The pilot verified that the fuel shutoff was on, primed the engine, and pumped the throttle with little improvement from the engine. He noted that when the airplane was pitched down, the engine would "sputter," and when it was pitched up, the engine would run. He checked the fuel quantity, and the left fuel gauge indicated 1/8 usable fuel and the right tank indicated "almost" 1/4 usable fuel. The pilot decided the airplane would not be able to make the airport and located a field to perform a forced landing. During the accident sequence, the airplane experienced a hard landing and the engine mount and left wing were substantially damaged. After the airplane was recovered, the pilot drained the unbreached fuel tanks and 3 gallons were removed from the airplane. According to the airplane Pilot Operating Handbook, the airplane held 26 total gallons of fuel, of which 22.5 gallons were useable. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical anomalies with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation prior to the accident, however, the right fuel gauge was slightly incorrect.

Aircraft

Registration
N1718Q
Reported as
Cessna 150 (L)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
15073018
Built
1971
Airframe hours
4,261
Engine
Continental O-200 SERIES, 100 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Utility
Last inspection
100 hour · August 1, 2019
Departed
PGV · Greenville, NC
Destination
EHO · Shelby, NC
Airport
EHO · Shelby-Cleveland County Rgnl
Equipment
None

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
55
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
May 24, 2019
Seat
Left
Restraint
Lap only
Flight hours
272 total · 120 as pilot in command · 11 in the last 90 days · 11 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
300° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
84 °F, dew point 66 °F
Altimeter
30.04 inHg
Observed at
EHO, 4 nm away

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 2, 2020, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 2.3 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.