ERA21LA273

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28-180 · Woodland, TN · June 28, 2021

Accident · Minor injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal report
Date
June 28, 2021, 16:48 local (21:48 UTC)
Place
Woodland, TN · Wooded rural area
Injuries
1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Maneuvering
Aircraft
N818TFPiper PA-28-180
Defining event
Maneuvering: Fuel starvation
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20210628011049A
Case key
103370

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The student pilot’s inadequate monitoring of his fuel state during a solo training flight, which resulted in fuel starvation, a total loss of engine power, and a forced landing.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid managementPiper PA-28-180: 32 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Action: forgotten action/omissionPersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotPiper PA-28-180: 1 caseAll aircraft: 440 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The solo-student pilot reported that, during his preflight inspection, the fuel level was “…just below the tabs in each wing.” He later reported that he took off with 24 gallons of fuel on board and the fuel capacity of the airplane was 50 gallons. Takeoff, departure, and enroute operations were uneventful. About one hour into the flight, he noted a loss of engine power. He attempted to maintain glide speed while pumping the throttle to regain power. Unable to regain power, he looked for an area to perform a forced landing. While approaching a field, the airspeed decreased to near stall speed and the airplane struck tress before reaching the open field. The airplane impacted the trees and came to rest in a nose low attitude. An inspector with the Federal Aviation Administration responded to the accident site and confirmed that damage to the fuselage and wings was substantial. The fuel selector was on the right tank position, and the right tank was uncompromised and empty of fuel. The left tank contained about 15 gallons of fuel. The pilot later reported that he never switched from the right tank during flight, and he failed to monitor his fuel status and allowed the fuel in the right tank to “burn out.”

Aircraft

Registration
N818TF
Reported as
Piper PA-28-180
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-4031
Built
1967
Airframe hours
6,533
Engine
Lycoming O-360-A4A, 180 hp, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Operator
Old School Aircraft LLC
Registered owner
Old School Aircraft LLC
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · June 12, 2021
Departed
KLR · Jackson, TN
Flight plan
VFR
Equipment
Stall warning system, ADS-B

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
18
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Student
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Seat
Left
Restraint
Lap only
Flight hours
26 total · 26 in this make and model · 8 as pilot in command · 20 in the last 90 days · 10 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
150° at 6 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
86 °F, dew point 70 °F
Altimeter
30.11 inHg
Observed at
KMKL, 9 nm away
METAR
METAR KMKL 282153Z 15006KT 10SM FEW070 SCT110 30/21 A3011 RMK AO2 SLP192 T03000206

Docket · 6

The files NTSB released with the investigation on August 31, 2021, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 20.3 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.