ERA21LA350

NTSB accident investigation · Raytheon 390 · Naples, FL · September 3, 2021

Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
September 3, 2021, 12:44 local (16:44 UTC)
Place
Naples, FL
Injuries
4 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N351CWRaytheon 390
Defining event
Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO, Textron Aviation
FAA report
20210903008689A
Case key
103812

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot was unable to stop the airplane during the landing for reasons which could not be determined, resulting in a runway excursion.

Findings · 1

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Not determinedNot determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determinedRaytheon 390: 1 caseAll aircraft: 2,247 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot stated that the flight was uneventful. During landing, he applied normal braking and the airplane started to slow down. Suddenly the brakes “faded away,” and he was unable to stop the airplane. He further described that he applied full braking pressure and the pedals were operating as they should, but the airplane was not stopping. He added that every few feet the brakes would grab, lock-up for a few feet, and then release. The brakes grabbed several times during the landing roll but were not slowing the airplane down. The airplane overran the end of the runway, and the pilot steered the airplane into the grass and away from a jet blast fence. The anti-skid box, brake valve, anti-skid valve, and both wheel speed transducers were removed and sent to the manufacturer for bench testing. All the components passed the bench tests, and no anomalies were noted. The airplane was not equipped with a flight data recorder. According to automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) data, the airplane landed about 8 knots higher than the Vref speed of 110 knots, with about 4,500 ft of runway remaining. According to the airplane flight manual, the airplane required about 3,000 ft for landing. Based on the available evidence, the reason that the pilot was unable to stop the airplane on the runway could not be determined.

Factual narrative

On September 3, 2021, about 1244 eastern daylight time, a Raytheon Aircraft Company 390, N351CW, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident at Naples Municipal Airport (APF), Naples, Florida. The pilot and three passengers were not injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 135 on-demand flight. According to the pilot, the takeoff and en route portions of the flight were uneventful. During landing, he applied normal braking and the airplane started to slow down. Suddenly the brakes “faded away,” and he was unable to stop the airplane. He further described that he applied full braking pressure and the pedals were operating as they should, but the airplane was not stopping. He added that every few feet the brakes would grab, lock-up for a few feet, and then release. The brakes grabbed several times during the landing roll but were not slowing the airplane down. The airplane overran the end of the runway, and the pilot steered the airplane into the grass and away from a jet blast fence. A Federal Aviation Administration inspector who examined the airplane after the accident observed that the airplane sustained substantial damage to both wings during the runway excursion. The pilot reported the runway surface condition as “damp.” He further stated that it was not raining, there was no standing water on the runway and “If I had to choose between the descriptor of either wet or dry as my only options, I would choose dry.” According to automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) data, the airplane made a normal Vref approach and landed about 8 knots higher than the landing chart for 10,200 lbs about 110 knots. The runway length was 6,600 ft and about 4,500 ft of runway remained for the airplane to stop. The landing chart in the airplane flight manual (AFM) revealed that about 3,000 ft was required for landing on a dry runway, and about 3,750 ft was required for a wet runway. The anti-skid box, brake valve, anti-skid valve, and both wheel speed transducers were removed and sent to the manufacturer for testing. All the components passed the tests, and no anomalies were noted. The airplane was not equipped with a flight data recorder. The cockpit voice recorder was removed and sent the National Transportation Safety Board’s recorders laboratory for download. The airplane was not equipped with thrust reversers. The wind was reported from 150° at 5 knots, at APF, at 1235.

Aircraft

Registration
N351CW
Reported as
Raytheon 390
Category
Airplane
Serial number
RB-53
Built
2002
Airframe hours
3,105
Engines
Williams International FJ44-2A, 2,300 lbs thrust, turbo fanWilliams International FJ44-2A, 2,300 lbs thrust, turbo fan
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Business · Part 135
Operator
Executive Aero Charter Management LLC
Registered owner
PB Air LLC-KMC leasaing LLC-Hanson Enterprises LLC
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · September 2, 2021
Departed
IND · Indianapolis, IN
Destination
Same as departure
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
APF · Naples Muni, runway 23, 6,600 × 150 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Electronic multifunction display, Electronic primary flight display, Onboard weather, Stall warning system, ADS-B, Angle of attack indicator, Auto-pilot

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
62
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine sea, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Helicopter, Powered-lift
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
May 9, 2021
Seat
Left
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
14,413 total · 614 in this make and model · 12,063 as pilot in command · 174 in the last 90 days · 68 in the last 30 days · 3 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
150° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Temperature
77 °F, dew point 73 °F
Altimeter
30.01 inHg
Observed at
APF
METAR
KAPF 031635Z 15005KT 10SM VCTS SCT100 SCT120 25/23 A3001 RMK AO2 RAE33 T02500228 PNO $

Docket · 16

The files NTSB released with the investigation on August 16, 2023, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 44.8 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.