ERA22LA277

NTSB accident investigation · Hawker Hunter · Wilmington, NC · June 20, 2022

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
June 20, 2022, 15:50, time zone not recorded
Place
Wilmington, NC
NTSB coordinates
33.7697, -77.4889, outside the stated state
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N337AXHawker Hunter
Defining event
Enroute-cruise: Powerplant sys/comp malf/fail
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20220620010809A
Case key
105301

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

A bearing failure in the high-pressure fuel pump, which resulted in a partial loss of engine power.

Findings · 1

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fuel system: fuel pumpsAircraft › Aircraft systems · FailureHawker HAWKER HUNTER MK.58: 1 caseAll aircraft: 71 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The vintage military jet was being operated under an experimental certificate. The airplane experienced a partial loss of engine power over an ocean at flight level 240. Specifically, the engine rpm reduced and stabilized to about 5,000. The pilot knew that 6,800 to 7,200 rpm would be required to maintain altitude and return to an airport. After two unsuccessful attempts to restore engine power, the pilot ejected at 3,000 ft mean sea level. The fuel system was examined at a maintenance facility after the wreckage was recovered from the ocean. The examination revealed that a bearing failed in the high-pressure fuel pump governor, which prevented pump output pressure from increasing above 850 pounds per square inch (psi); the operating range limit was between 1,900 to 2,200 psi.

Factual narrative

On June 20, 2022, about 1550 eastern daylight time, an experimental Hawker Hunter MK.58, N337AX, was substantially damaged when it impacted the Atlantic Ocean about 40 miles southeast of Wilmington, North Carolina. The commercial pilot was seriously injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 public use flight. According to the operator, while performing an exercise with the US Navy, the airplane experienced a partial loss of engine power at flight level 240. Specifically, the rpm reduced and stabilized to about 5,000. The pilot knew that 6,800 to 7,200 rpm would be required to maintain altitude and return to an airport. After two unsuccessful attempts to restore engine power, the pilot ejected from the airplane at 3,000 ft mean sea level. The pilot was subsequently rescued by a nearby fishing vessel; however, he suffered a serious back injury during the ejection. The fuel system was examined at a maintenance facility after the wreckage was recovered from the ocean. The examination revealed that a bearing failed in the high-pressure fuel pump governor, which prevented pump output pressure from increasing above 850 psi; the operating range limit was between 1900 to 2200 psi.

Aircraft

Registration
N337AX
Reported as
Hawker Hunter (Mk.58)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
41H-697456
Built
1959
Airframe hours
5,165
Engine
Avon 203/7, 10,150 lbs thrust, turbo jet
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Public aircraft · Public use
Operator
Airborne Tactical Advantage Company
Registered owner
Hunter Aviation International
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Experimental light sport (Special)
Last inspection
AAIP · January 13, 2022 · 19 hours before
Departed
PHF · Newport News, VA
Destination
NKT · Cherry Point, NC
Flight plan
IFR
Equipment
Electronic multifunction display, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Onboard weather, ADS-B, Data recorder

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
54
Injuries
Serious
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
October 19, 2021
Seat
Single
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
4,865 total · 486 in this make and model · 4,620 as pilot in command · 33 in the last 90 days · 8 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Variable at 4 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
88 °F, dew point 46 °F
Altimeter
30.19 inHg
Observed at
KILM, 41 nm away
METAR
KILM 201953Z VRB04KT 10SM CLR 31/08 A3019

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 8, 2023, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 171 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.