FTW03LA084

NTSB accident investigation · Air Tractor AT-401 · Alamo, TX · January 14, 2003

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
January 14, 2003, 14:45 local (20:45 UTC)
Place
Alamo, TX
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Maneuvering
Aircraft
N1537RAir Tractor AT-401
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report November 25, 2003
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20030114002309A
Case key
56337

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed which resulted in a stall. Low altitude flight is a contributing factor.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of control - in flightManeuvering - aerial application
Airspeed - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Stall/mush - inadvertentPilot in commandCause
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - uncontrolled
Low altitude flight/maneuverPilot in commandFactor
Terrain condition - ground

Analysis

During an aerial application flight, while the aircraft was in the process of executing a turn to reverse direction, the airplane stalled and impacted the ground in a nose low attitude. The evidence found at the accident site where consistent with an airplane impacting the ground in a nose low attitude, at a relatively slow airspeed. The main wreckage came to rest in an open field in an upright position, approximately 75-feet from the initial point of impact. The radial engine was found separated from the airframe. The two-bladed propeller assembly remained attached to the engine crankshaft. Both fuel cells were compromised during the accident sequence. An FAA inspector arrived at the accident site within an hour after the mishap and reported no evidence of fuel or fuel smell at the accident site. The memory card from the SATLOC system installed in the aircraft was recovered by the FAA inspector for further evaluation. The memory card was analyzed and found not to have any information pertaining to the accident flight. Several attempts were made by the FAA inspector, as well as the NTSB Investigator-in-Charge to interview the 16,600-hour pilot after his release from the hospital after the accident. The pilot reported that he did not have any recollection of the accident or the circumstances prior to the mishap.

Factual narrative

On January 14, 2003, at 1445 central standard time, an Air Tractor AT-401 agricultural airplane, N1537R, was substantially damaged following a loss of control while maneuvering near Alamo, Texas. The non-instrument rated commercial pilot, who was the sole occupant of the airplane, was seriously injured. The airplane was owned and operated by Moad Aviation, Inc., of Weslaco, Texas, under 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 137. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed throughout the area for the aerial application flight for which no flight plan was filed. The local flight originated (approximately 1400) from the Mid Valley Dusters Airport (43TX) near Alamo, Texas.

The operator reported that the airplane had been flown on a local aerial application flight during the morning hours and was hangared after completion of the flight. He added that their normal procedures is to top-off the left wing prior to hangaring the airplane. The operator's standard fuel load for local flights was 63 gallons, which normally provides for a 2-hour range.

The operator reported to the FAA inspector, who responded to the accident site, that the airplane was in the process of executing a turn to reverse direction, when the airplane stalled and impacted the ground in a nose low attitude. The inspector added that the evidence found at the accident site where consistent with an airplane impacting the ground in a nose low attitude, at a relatively slow airspeed.

Examination of the wreckage by the FAA inspector and the operator, revealed that the main wreckage came to rest in an open field in an upright position approximately 75-feet from the initial point of impact. The Pratt & Whitney R-1340 radial engine was found separated from the airframe. The two-blade propeller assembly remained attached to the engine crankshaft. One propeller blade was found bent aft around the engine at about the midspan, while the other blade was slightly bent aft. Both wings sustained structural damage and both fuel cells were compromised during the accident sequence. The inspector added that he arrived at the accident site within an hour after the mishap and there was no evidence of fuel or fuel odors at the accident site. There was no fire.

The memory card from the SATLOC system installed in the aircraft was recovered by the FAA inspector for further evaluation. The memory card was analyzed and found not to have any information pertaining to the accident flight. The card was returned to the operator upon completion of the investigation.

Several attempts were made by the FAA inspector, as well as the NTSB Investigator-in-Charge to interview the 16,600-hour pilot after his release from the hospital following the accident. The pilot did not have any recollection of the accident or the circumstances prior to the mishap.

Aircraft

Registration
N1537R
Reported as
Air Tractor AT-401
Category
Airplane
Serial number
401-0858
Airframe hours
5,118
Engine
Pratt & Whitney R-1340, 600 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Aerial application · Part 137
Registered owner
Moad Aviation, Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Restricted (Special)
Last inspection
100 hour · April 30, 2002 · 224 hours before
Departed
T65 · Weslaco, TX
Airport
43TX · Mid Valley Dusters, runway 120, 1,925 × 90 ft

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
49
Injuries
Serious
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Last flight review
April 30, 2001
Seat
Center
Flight hours
16,600 total · 7,000 in this make and model · 16,600 as pilot in command · 75 in the last 90 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
60° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
2,900 ft overcast
Temperature
57 °F, dew point 46 °F
Altimeter
30.34 inHg
Observed at
MFE, 6 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.