FTW98FA001

As the cargo jet was taxiing for takeoff in a nonmovement area, it was struck by an airport employee shuttle bus. The airplane captain was seriously injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and the collision occurred during predawn hours. The bus driver said he stopped at the stop sign, turned on the 4-way flasher lights, and looked both ways. He saw one inbound aircraft to the right that had stopped. He did not see the airplane approaching from the left as he started across the cargo ramp. The airplane crew stated they did not see the bus until seconds before impact. Airplane skid marks, measuring 22 and 24 feet in length, were noted on the taxiway. No bus skid marks were noted on the roadway.

History of flight

On October 1, 1997, at 0436 mountain daylight time, a Boeing 727-51C, N414EX, operated by Ryan International Airlines, Inc., as Flight 607, collided with a 1988 Gillig Phantom bus, operated by Republic Parking Co., while taxiing for takeoff in a non-movement area at Denver, Colorado, International Airport (DIA). The airline transport rated captain sustained serious injuries, the airline transport rated first officer received minor injuries, and the airline transport rated flight engineer was not injured. The airplane was destroyed. The shuttle bus driver received minor injuries. Two passengers aboard the bus were not injured. The bus was destroyed. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and an IFR flight plan had been filed for the domestic cargo flight to San Francisco, California, operating under Title 14 CFR Part 121.

The investigative team interviewed the shuttle bus driver, Thomas P. Armstrong, on October 3, 1997, and the following is based on that interview. Mr. Armstrong said he reported for work at 0400. After a morning briefing with company personnel, he made a walk-around inspection of his bus. Two passengers (Mike Weston and Roberta Welling) boarded the bus, and he departed the employees' south parking lot at 0436, en route to "C" concourse. Because of a bus ahead, he drove at a "moderate speed" for spacing. The bus traveled north on Vandriver Street. The road crosses the south cargo ramp at Taxiway Sierra Charlie. He did not observe any activity on the cargo ramp as he approached the intersection, and came to a complete stop at the stop sign. He looked both ways and turned on the 4-way flasher lights. He said his headlights and running lights were on, and the interior lights were off. He observed the nose taxi light of an aircraft off to his right. He "inched" the bus forward, stopped, looked both ways again, and proceeded across the cargo ramp. The bus's radio, tuned to the bus channel (800 mHz), was on but he paid no attention to it. In the background, he heard a voice yell "Hold, hold, HOLD!" He thought he was referring to the aircraft on his right. Suddenly, he saw a bright light through the left window and he was thrown to the floor. He estimated his speed to be less than 5 mph at impact.

One of the bus passengers, Mike Weston was interviewed by telephone by FAA personnel and the following is based on that interview. He was seated in the rear of the bus, on the right side facing left. The bus came to a complete stop at the stop sign before proceeding across the cargo ramp. He saw the approaching airplane clearly and he yelled, "Whoa," five times before the collision, but the driver did not respond.

This investigator interviewed the captain of the Boeing 727, Joseph B. Jordan, by telephone from his hospital bed at Denver Health Medical Center on October 10, 1997, and the following is based on that interview. After push-back, engine start, and "A" system hydraulics pressurization, the first officer received clearance from ramp control to taxi to the Alpha hold bars, located about halfway between the cargo ramp and runway 35L. At that point they were to contact ground control. The captain said the taxiway makes a 40 degree right turn and goes up a small hill. He had just made the right turn when he heard his first officer yell "Bus!" He said he caught a glimpse of the bus, "stood on the brakes," and may have yelled, "Brace yourself!" He did not remember seeing any lights on the bus. The bus did not stop, but kept coming and collided with the airplane. The captain was trapped in the crushed cockpit.

This investigator interviewed the first and second officers at their motel on October 2, 1997, and the following is based on those interviews. The first officer said the airplane departed Newark, New Jersey, and arrived in Denver via Indianapolis, Indiana, at 0414. Its destination was San Francisco, California. After push-back, they were cleared to taxi "right side out," contact ground control and hold short of taxiway Sierra Charlie. An inbound airplane was holding short of the cargo ramp and yielding to their exit. The navigation lights, rotating beacon, and runway turnoff lights were on. The airplane was not equipped with taxi lights. He saw "something dark" off to the right and yelled a warning to the captain. He did not see the bus' headlights. He had just completed the checklist when "something dark caught my eye off to the right." He did not see any lights. He yelled and "hit the brakes." There was the impact and he felt pain. He immediately shut down all three engines and the cockpit became dark. He was able to extricate himself from the collapsed cockpit and went aft and opened the cabin door. He felt the airplane rolling backwards. He returned to the cockpit and tried to activate the pneumatic brakes but to no avail. Several Federal Express employees tried to chock the wheels, but the airplane backed into an embankment before coming to a halt.

The second officer said that after completing the checklist, she turned her seat to the forward position. (The first officer) "looked right, looked again, and said something about a 'problem.'" She looked out the window and saw the bus, "hazy, gray, not very discernible." It was about 30 feet away, "going fast, steady speed, and he made no attempt to stop. I don't think he saw us." There were no lights inside the bus, and she did not see its headlights. (The captain) looked and yelled, "Brace yourself!" He applied full brakes and (the first officer) pulled the start levers to cutoff. This killed the engines and all the electrics. The impact drove the instrument panel and power console into the captain's lap. He yelled his leg and kneecap were broken. The cockpit was completely dark. She got up and assisted the first officer from his seat, and then extricated the captain. She then went aft, opened the cabin door, and told people below to call an ambulance and to get some stairs. The airplane started rolling backwards. The first officer returned to his seat and first tried the parking brake then the pneumatic brake. Nothing worked.

Personnel information

Captain Joseph B. Jordan, age 52, was employed by Ryan International Airlines on January 28, 1991. He holds Airline Transport Pilot Certificate No. 1844837, dated February 17, 1995, with an airplane multiengine land rating, and type ratings in the Convair 340/440 and Boeing 727. He has commercial privileges in single engine land/sea airplanes and gliders, and also holds a glider instructor rating. His first class airman medical certificate, dated May 9, 1997, contains the restriction, "must wear corrective lenses." His last proficiency check was accomplished on June 19, 1997, in the Boeing 727.

First Officer Edward J. Del Monico, age 35, was employed by Ryan International Airlines on January 10, 1995. He holds Airline Transport Pilot Certificate No. 155669449, dated June 2, 1993, with an airplane multiengine land rating, and type ratings in the Boeing 737 and SA-227. He has commercial privileges in single engine land airplanes, and also holds single engine airplane instructor rating and flight engineer-turbojet ratings. His first class airman medical certificate, dated March 5, 1997, contains no restrictions or limitations. His last proficiency check was accomplished on June 10, 1997, in the Boeing 727.

Second Officer Kathryn A. Schindelar, age 56, was employed by Ryan International Airlines on September 15, 1995. She holds Airlines Transport Pilot Certificate No. 1830525, dated April 25, 1991, with an airplane multiengine land rating, and a type rating in the Boeing 737. She also has commercial pilot privileges in single engine land airplanes. Her first class airman medical certificate, dated July 21, 1997, contains the restriction, "must wear corrective lenses." Her last proficiency check was accomplished on June 1