FTW99LA052

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 182 · Umpire, AR · December 16, 1998

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
December 16, 1998, 11:30 local (17:30 UTC)
Place
Umpire, AR
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N1933NCessna 182
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report March 8, 2001
Report
Approved by Office Director
Case key
45478

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

Catastrophic engine failure due to failures of the #5 piston, #5 connecting rod, and the camshaft. A factor was the lack of suitable terrain for a forced landing.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(total) - mech failure/malfClimb - to cruise
Engine assembly,piston - failureCause
Engine assembly,connecting rod - failureCause
Engine assembly,camshaft - failureCause
Forced landingEmergency descent/landing
In flight collision with objectEmergency descent/landing
Terrain condition - none suitableFactor
Terrain condition - mountainous/hilly
Object - wire,transmission

Analysis

About 15-minutes after takeoff, the pilot of the single engine airplane felt slight vibrations and a 'noise' which became increasingly louder. The engine then lost power and the pilot maneuvered over hilly terrain toward an open field. Approaching the field and in a rapid descent, the airplane struck power lines. After striking the lines, the pilot managed to land the airplane in the field, and the nose gear collapsed structurally damaging the airplane. An examination and disassembly of the engine revealed that the crankcase was penetrated. The #5 piston was separated in the piston boss area and the skirt was shattered. The piston pin was intact and attached to a short section of the #5 connecting rod. The #5 connecting rod was found fractured in two places along its length, with the center section of rod missing. The camshaft had numerous impact marks and was found separated into three parts.

Factual narrative

On December 16, 1998, approximately 1130 central standard time, a Cessna 182 airplane, N1933N, was substantially damaged during a forced landing following a loss of engine power while climbing in the vicinity of Umpire, Arkansas. The airline transport pilot, who was the sole occupant, was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a VFR flight plan was filed for the 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 ferry flight. The flight originated from Mena, Arkansas, at 1100, and was en route to Lafayette, Louisiana. The airplane was owned by Manuel Investments Inc., of Lafayette, Louisiana.

According to the owner, the airplane had been at the Goodner Brothers Paint Shop, Mena, Arkansas, for complete exterior painting. After the work was completed, the pilot was hired to ferry the airplane to Lafayette.

During a telephone interview with the NTSB investigator-in-charge, the pilot reported that, about 15-minutes after takeoff from the Mena Airport, he felt slight vibrations and a "noise" which became increasingly louder. Shortly thereafter, the engine lost power and the pilot attempted to turn back to the airport. Realizing that he would not be able to make it back to the airport, he maneuvered the airplane over wooded, hilly terrain toward an open field. Approaching the field and in a rapid descent, the airplane struck power lines with the nose landing gear. After striking the power lines, the pilot managed to land the airplane in the field. Upon landing, the nose landing gear collapsed, resulting in the forward fuselage and firewall buckling.

An FAA airworthiness inspector conducted a preliminary examination of the wreckage at the accident site. During the examination, a hole, located above and between the #5 and #6 cylinders, was found in the engine crankcase. The penetration did not appear to be consistent with impact damage, as no other damage was noted on the crankcase. Usable fuel was found in both wing tanks. After discovery of the hole in the crankcase, the airframe and engine were transported to Dawson Aircraft, Clinton, Arkansas, for further examination.

The engine examination was conducted on March 18, 1999. It was supervised by the FAA airworthiness inspector, and attended by the owner's representative and a representative from Teledyne Continental Motors. The following information on the examination was provided to the NTSB by the FAA inspector. Externally, with the exception of the aforementioned crankcase penetration, the engine was essentially intact. The penetration appeared to be from the inside of the crankcase, outward. Disassembly of the cylinders and crankcase revealed the following. Cylinders #1, #2, #3, and #4 were not damaged. Moderate scoring was noted in their respective barrels, and moderate combustion deposits were noted on their pistons' domes. Their rings were essentially intact and coated with oil. The rocker arm areas were coated with oil. The barrel of the #6 cylinder could not be examined. The #6 piston could not be removed from the cylinder, and exhibited impact damage on its skirt.

The #5 cylinder displayed heavy impact damage around the skirt, moderate scoring in the barrel, and moderate deposits on the piston dome. The #5 piston boss was separated from the piston and the piston skirt was shattered. The piston pin was intact and attached to a short section of the #5 connecting rod.

Connecting rods #1, #2, #3, #4, and #6 were not damaged, and were free to rotate about their crankpins. Connecting rod #5 was found fractured in two places along its length, with the center section of rod missing. One end of the rod was connected to the crankshaft, and the other end was connected to the piston pin. The camshaft had numerous impact marks and was found separated into three parts. The camshaft lobes had moderate scoring and were coated with oil.

The oil pump was intact and free to rotate. No metal particles were found in the pump. The oil cooler was not damaged and was full of oil. Both magnetos sparked at all terminals when rotated by hand. All spark plugs exhibited light wear, with moderate deposits on the electrodes.

Attempts to obtain a completed Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report (NTSB Form 6120.1/2) from the operator were not successful.

Aircraft

Registration
N1933N
Reported as
Cessna 182
Category
Airplane
Serial number
18265355
Engine
Continental O-470-U, 230 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Ferry · Part 91
Registered owner
Manuel Investments Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · May 1, 1998
Departed
M89 · Mena, AR
Destination
LFT · Lafayette, LA
Flight plan
VFR

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
51
Certificates
Commercial, Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
10,500 total · 1,500 in this make and model · 9,700 as pilot in command · 150 in the last 90 days · 50 in the last 30 days · 5 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
250° at 9 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Temperature
54 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg