GAA17CA453

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA36 · McCook, NE · July 29, 2017

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
July 29, 2017, 14:15 local (19:15 UTC)
Place
McCook, NE
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Maneuvering
Aircraft
N132VAPiper PA36
Defining event
Maneuvering-low-alt flying: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report November 14, 2017
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA/ FSDO
FAA report
20170729012889A
Case key
95710

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack while maneuvering downwind during an agricultural application flight, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall at low altitude.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: angle of attackAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceededPiper PA-36-285: 3 casesAll aircraft: 990 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotPiper PA-36-285: 4 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: airspeedAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedPiper PA-36-285: 2 casesAll aircraft: 1,681 casesProbable cause
Wind: tailwindEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operationPiper PA-36-285: 2 casesAll aircraft: 594 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that, while maneuvering at low altitude during agricultural spraying, he noticed "some shuddering (stalling)" on multiple downwind low passes. He added that, on the fourth attempt to spray on a downwind line, he experienced "severe shuddering and loss of altitude," so he applied full power and dumped the entirety of the aerial application product. He further added that, after dumping the load, the airplane was about 10 to 15 ft above ground level and still would not climb. The pilot reported that he continued to "pull back on the stick," entered a right turn to avoid obstacles ahead, and the airplane "continued to [aerodynamically] stall until impact." The fuselage and both wings sustained substantial damage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. An automated weather observation station 18 nautical miles south from the accident site reported, about the time of the accident, wind from 140° at 12 knots. The pilot reported that the wind had "picked up to 20-25 mph" and that the flightpath was "nearly directly downwind at the time of impact." The pilot reported that the airplane was not equipped with a stall warning device.

Factual narrative

The pilot reported that, while maneuvering at low altitude during agricultural spraying, he noticed "some shuddering (stalling)" on multiple downwind low passes. He added that, on the 4th attempt to spray on a downwind line, he experienced "severe shuddering and loss of altitude," so he applied full power and dumped the entirety of the aerial application product. He further added that, after dumping the load, the airplane was about 10-15 ft. above ground and still would not climb. The pilot reported that, he continued to "pull back on the stick," entered a right turn to avoid obstacles ahead, and the airplane "continued to [aerodynamically] stall until impact." The fuselage and both wings sustained substantial damage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. An automated weather observation station, about the time of the accident, 18 nautical miles south from the accident site, reported wind from 140° at 12 knots. The pilot reported that the wind had "picked up to 20-25mph" and the flight path was "nearly directly downwind at the time of impact." The pilot reported that the airplane was not equipped with a stall warning device.

Aircraft

Registration
N132VA
Reported as
Piper PA36 (285)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
36-7660013
Built
1975
Airframe hours
6,661.7
Engine
Lycoming IO-720-AIR, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Aerial application · Part 137
Operator
Red Willow Aviation
Registered owner
Griff H. Malleck DBA Red Willow Aviation
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Restricted (Special)
Last inspection
Annual · October 1, 2016
Departed
MCK · Mc Cook, NE
Destination
MCK · Mc Cook, NE
Equipment
None

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
46
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
February 24, 2016
Seat
Single
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
1,360 total · 595 in this make and model · 1,360 as pilot in command · 113 in the last 90 days · 43 in the last 30 days · 13 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
140° at 12 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
7,000 ft broken
Temperature
88 °F, dew point 64 °F
Altimeter
30.05 inHg
Observed at
KMCK, 18 nm away

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 20, 2017, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 3.4 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.