GAA18CA187

NTSB accident investigation · Beech 99 · King Salmon, AK · March 29, 2018

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
March 29, 2018, 13:20 local (21:20 UTC)
Place
King Salmon, AK
Injuries
8 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N31TNBeech 99
Defining event
Landing-flare/touchdown: Hard landing
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report July 5, 2018
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20180329010449A
Case key
96959

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot’s failure to maintain an adequate approach path and runway centerline during the initial landing, which resulted in a hard landing to the left of the runway and damage to the landing gear and wing.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: descent/approach/glide pathAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedBeech 99: 1 caseAll aircraft: 809 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: heading/courseAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedBeech 99: 1 caseAll aircraft: 82 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotBeech 99: 1 caseAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that, after exiting instrument meteorological conditions during a circling approach, he was "a little above" the normal glidepath; as the airplane crossed the approach end of the runway, the airplane began to sink rapidly and drift to the left. He added power to initiate a go-around, but the airplane continued to sink and landed with the left main landing gear off the left side of the runway. As the airplane became airborne again, he attempted to retract the landing gear, "but the handle was locked in place." He noticed that the left and right main landing gear extension lights were illuminated, but the nose landing gear light was not. The pilot noticed a positive rate of climb and decided to fly to an alternate airport. The pilot reported that, while en route to the alternate airport, a passenger reported that they smelled smoke, so he turned off electrical equipment. A pilot-rated passenger assisted with circuit breaker troubleshooting before turning on the battery again for communications. He instructed the pilot-rated passenger to visually examine the landing gear; the passenger reported that the left main landing gear was extended without damage and the right main landing gear was "bent back," with damage to the right flap with fuel leaking from the wing. After contacting the alternate airport's tower, the pilot reported that he declared an emergency and provided a safety brief to the passengers. He added that, at the alternate airport, he performed an instrument landing system approach, and over the approach end of the runway, he reduced power, feathered the propellers, and moved both fuel levers to fuel cutoff. During landing, the right main landing gear collapsed, the right wing settled onto the runway, and the airplane began to pull to the right. The pilot added left rudder to maintain the runway centerline and the airplane came to rest on the runway. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Factual narrative

The pilot reported that, after exiting instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) during a circling approach, he was "a little above" normal glidepath and as the airplane crossed the approach end of the runway, the airplane began to sink rapidly and drift to the left. He added power to initiate a go around, but the airplane continued to sink, and landed with the left main landing gear off the left side of the runway. As the airplane became airborne again, he attempted to retract the landing gear, "but the handle was locked in place". He noticed that the left and right main landing gear extension lights were illuminated, but the nose landing gear light was not. The pilot noticed a positive rate of climb and decided to fly to an alternate airport. The pilot reported that, while en route to the alternate airport, a passenger reported that they smelled smoke, so he turned off electrical equipment. He utilized a pilot-rated passenger to assist with circuit breaker troubleshooting before turning on the battery again for communications. He instructed the pilot-rated passenger to visually examine the landing gear, who reported that the left main landing gear was extended without damage and the right main landing gear was "bent back", with damage to the right flap with fuel leaking from the wing. After contacting the alternate airport's tower, the pilot reported that he declared an emergency and provided a safety brief to the passengers. He added that, at the alternate airport, he performed an instrument landing system (ILS) approach and over the approach end of the runway, he reduced power, feathered the propellers, and moved both fuel levers to fuel cutoff. During landing, the right main landing gear collapsed, the right wing settled onto the runway, and the airplane began to pull to the right. The pilot added left rudder to maintain the runway centerline and the airplane came to rest on the runway. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Aircraft

Registration
N31TN
Reported as
Beech 99 (UNDESIGNAT)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
U49
Built
1969
Airframe hours
39,673.3
Engines
P&W PT6A-20, 550 horsepower, turbo propP&W PT6A-20, 550 horsepower, turbo prop
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 135
Operator
Lake Clark Air Inc
Registered owner
Lake Clark Air Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · March 21, 2018
Departed
DLG · Dillingham, AK
Destination
PNP · Pilot Point, AK
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
AKN · King Salmon, runway 12, 8,901 × 150 ft, asphalt
Equipment
ADS-B, Stall warning system, Onboard weather, Handheld GPS, Electronic primary flight display, Electronic multifunction display, Auto-pilot

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
31
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine sea, Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
December 29, 2017
Seat
Left
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
4,056 total · 103 in this make and model · 3,918 as pilot in command · 230 in the last 90 days · 69 in the last 30 days · 8 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Day
Wind
270° at 6 knots
Lowest ceiling
200 ft overcast
Temperature
32 °F, dew point 30 °F
Altimeter
30.52 inHg
Icing
Unknown
Observed at
PAII, 38 nm away

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 9, 2018, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 3.7 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.