GAA19CA048

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172 · Cleburne, TX · November 1, 2018

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
November 1, 2018, 14:00 local (19:00 UTC)
Place
Cleburne, TX
Injuries
1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N3984LCessna 172
Defining event
Approach-VFR pattern final: Fuel exhaustion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report June 10, 2019
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20181101022329A
Case key
98598

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's improper preflight fuel planning and in-flight fuel management, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and the subsequent total loss of engine power.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid levelCessna 172G: 8 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Planning/preparation: fuel planningPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 172G: 6 casesAll aircraft: 719 casesProbable cause
Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid managementCessna 172G: 8 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Object/animal/substance: tree(s)Environmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcomeCessna 172G: 1 caseAll aircraft: 933 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that, during the final approach to the destination airport, the engine lost power. Due to homes that were in line with the approach end of the runway, he decided to perform an emergency landing in a field, during which the airplane slid and then came to rest in trees. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. The pilot reported that he had not considered the engine's fuel burn for touch-and-go landings or headwinds during his preflight planning. During postaccident examination, a Federal Aviation Administration inspector reported that the fuel gauges read zero and that no fuel was found in the right fuel tank and only 10 ounces of fuel were found in the left fuel tank. Fuel was added to the airplane, and the engine started and operated normally. He added that he talked to the pilot, and he stated that he had flown 3.6 hours and performed at least six touch-and-go landings. The pilot also stated that the airplane usually has a 3.5-hour maximum range at 1,000 ft above ground level at 8 to 9 gallons per hour and that he likely did not properly monitor the engine's fuel consumption, which led to fuel exhaustion. Given the evidence, it is likely the pilot did not ensure that there was sufficient fuel onboard the airplane for the flight and that he did not monitor it properly during the flight, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and the subsequent total loss of engine power.

Factual narrative

The newly certificated pilot reported that during a cross country flight, he hadn't considered the engine's fuel burn for touch and goes or headwinds, and during the final approach to the destination airport, the engine lost power. Due to homes that were in line with the approach end of the runway, instead of continuing to the runway, he decided to perform an emergency landing in a field. During the off-airport landing, the airplane "slid" and came to rest in trees. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. During the post-accident examination, a Federal Aviation Administration inspector reported that, the fuel gauges read zero, and that there was no fuel in the right fuel tank and only 10 ounces were recovered from the left fuel tank. Additional fuel was added to the airplane and the engine started and operated normally. He added that, after speaking to the pilot, the pilot "basically admitted" that he did not properly monitor the engine's fuel consumption.

Aircraft

Registration
N3984L
Reported as
Cessna 172 (G)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
17254153
Built
1966
Engine
Continental O-300-C, 145 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Departed
MWL · Mineral Wells, TX
Destination
CPT · Cleburne, TX
Airport
CPT · Cleburne Rgnl, runway 33, 5,697 × 100 ft, asphalt
Equipment
None

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
25
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
October 26, 2018
Seat
Left
Restraint
Lap only
Flight hours
62 total · 62 in this make and model · 22 as pilot in command · 41 in the last 90 days · 20 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
360° at 11 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Temperature
61 °F, dew point 41 °F
Altimeter
29.95 inHg
Observed at
KCPT

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 11, 2019, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.7 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.